CBSE Class 12 Political Science 2019 — Set 59/3/1

Describe any two Directive Principles of State Policy that aim to promote international peace and security. OR Describe any two efforts made by the Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru to establish contacts between India and other newly independent countries.

If you are asked to highlight any two important demands for the welfare of the poor people of your locality, which two demands would you like to raise? Justify your demands with arguments.

Match the facts given in Column ‘A’ with those in Column ‘B’ in a meaningful manner : Column ‘A’ (a) Total Revolution (b) Deputy Prime Minister of India (c) Railway Strike of 1974 (d) Founder of Lok Dal Column ‘B’ (i) Ch. Charan Singh (ii) George Fernandes (iii) Jagjivan Ram (iv) Jayaprakash Narayan

Analyse any two effects of the implementation of the recommendations of the Mandal Commission in 1990. OR How far did the Rajiv Gandhi – Longowal Accord succeed in its desired goal?

Explain the U.S. hegemony as a structural power with the help of four examples. OR Explain any four features of ASEAN.

Justify India’s candidature for the permanent membership of the UN Security Council on any four grounds.

Highlight any four economic effects of globalisation.

Explain any two major differences between the First Five Year Plan and the Second Five Year Plan. OR Explain the circumstances that led to the accession of Hyderabad to India in 1948.

State any four events that are responsible for the strained relations between India and China.

Describe any four types of excesses made during the Emergency imposed in 1975. OR Mention any four outcomes of the fourth general elections held in India in 1967.

Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions : It meant the end of Cold War confrontations. The ideological dispute over whether the socialist system would beat the capitalist system was not an issue any more. Since this dispute had engaged the military of the two blocs, had triggered a massive arms race and accumulation of nuclear weapons ........, the end of confrontation demanded an end to this arms race and a possible new peace. (i) Name the two alliances that were in confrontation during the Cold War. (ii) Why did the arms race lead to a demand for peace? Explain. (iii) Why was accumulation of nuclear weapons considered as a great danger to the global environment? OR Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions : Non-alignment is also not neutrality. Neutrality refers principally to a policy of staying out of war. States practising neutrality are not required to help end a war. They do not get involved in wars and do not take any position on the appropriateness or morality of a war. Non-aligned states, including India, were actually involved in wars for various reasons. (i) Define Non-alignment. (ii) Differentiate between non-alignment and neutrality. (iii) Inspite of being non-aligned states, why were some states involved in war? Give any one reason.

Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions : The Indian security strategy is geared towards meeting security challenges within the country. Several militant groups, from time to time, have sought to break away from India. India has tried to preserve national unity by adopting a democratic political system. (i) The militants of which two areas have sought to break away from India? (ii) In your opinion, how far is the demand of the militant groups to break away from India justified? Explain. (iii) In which two ways does the democratic political system help to bring unity in diversity in India?

Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions : Things changed after independence and partition. Our leaders felt that carving out states on the basis of language might lead to disruption and disintegration. It was also felt that this would draw attention away from other social and economic challenges that the country faced. Therefore, the central leadership decided to postpone matters....... (i) Highlight any one major change that took place in India due to independence and partition. (ii) Mention two more reasons other than the ones mentioned in the passage, which were responsible for the postponement of carving out states. (iii) Why was this postponement challenged by some local people and where? Give any one example. OR Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions : Most parts of the country voted in January 1952. It took six months for the campaigning, polling and counting to be completed. Elections were competitive — there were on an average more than four candidates for each seat. The level of participation was encouraging — more than half the eligible voters turned out to vote on the day of elections. When the results were declared, these were accepted as fair even by the losers. This experiment of Universal Adult Franchise proved the critics wrong. (i) What is meant by Universal Adult Franchise? (ii) Explain any two reasons due to which it took about six months to complete the first general elections in 1952. (iii) How did the elections held in 1952 in India prove that democracy could be practised anywhere in the world?

Study the cartoon given below carefully and answer the following questions : (Words appearing in the cartoon: SAARC SUMMIT · MALDIVES · NEPAL · INDIA · PAK · SRI LANKA · BHUTAN · B’DESH · Surendra) (i) Write the full form of SAARC. (ii) What message is being given by the placement of seats in the cartoon with respect to India and Pakistan? (iii) Assess the success of SAARC in improving the relations among its member states. [For Visually Impaired Candidates, in lieu of this question: (20.1) Write the full form of SAARC. (20.2) Assess the relations between India and China after 1991. (20.3) “Given the size and power of India, its neighbours are bound to be suspicious of India’s intentions.” Justify the statement with a suitable argument.]

Analyse any four reasons that tempted the super powers to have relations with smaller states. OR Analyse any four reasons responsible for the disintegration of the USSR.

Describe any two areas of cooperation and disagreement each, between India and Bangladesh. OR Describe any four steps taken by China to grow its economy.

Describe any three elements of consensus that appear to have emerged among most political parties in India in the midst of severe competition and many conflicts. OR Describe the importance of regional aspirations, power sharing and the regional balance in democratic politics of India.

“Dominance of the Congress Party in the first three general elections in India, had no negative effect on the democratic nature of Indian politics.” Give any three arguments to support the statement. OR “The model of mixed economy adopted by India was criticised openly from the left and the right.” Give any three arguments to support the statement.

As a student of political science, which three lessons do you learn from the Emergency imposed in 1975? OR Suggest any three steps that could have helped the Congress Party to avert a split in 1969.

Explain any four issues because of which globalisation is criticised all over the world. OR Explain any four environmental concerns that have become the issues of contemporary global politics.