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Q.If a⃗=3i^+2j^−4k^\vec{a} = 3\hat{i} + 2\hat{j} - 4\hat{k} and b⃗=i^+2j^+3k^\vec{b} = \hat{i} + 2\hat{j} + 3\hat{k} then find

(i) 2a⃗+b⃗2\vec{a} + \vec{b}
(ii) a⃗.b⃗\vec{a}.\vec{b}
(iii) a⃗×b⃗\vec{a} \times \vec{b}
(iv) ∣a⃗−b⃗∣|\vec{a} - \vec{b}|.
Jharkhand JacJAC Intermediate Board 2019Subjective· 4mImportance★★★★★
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Apply the standard component-wise formulas for vector addition/scaling, dot product, cross product, and magnitude to a⃗=3i^+2j^−4k^\vec a=3\hat i+2\hat j-4\hat k and b⃗=i^+2j^+3k^\vec b=\hat i+2\hat j+3\hat k.

Given a⃗=3i^+2j^−4k^\vec a = 3\hat i+2\hat j-4\hat k and b⃗=i^+2j^+3k^\vec b = \hat i+2\hat j+3\hat k.

(i) 2a⃗+b⃗2\vec a+\vec b:

2a⃗=6i^+4j^−8k^  ⟹  2a⃗+b⃗=(6+1)i^+(4+2)j^+(−8+3)k^=7i^+6j^−5k^2\vec a = 6\hat i+4\hat j-8\hat k \implies 2\vec a+\vec b = (6+1)\hat i+(4+2)\hat j+(-8+3)\hat k = 7\hat i+6\hat j-5\hat k

(ii) a⃗⋅b⃗\vec a\cdot\vec b:

a⃗⋅b⃗=(3)(1)+(2)(2)+(−4)(3)=3+4−12=−5\vec a\cdot\vec b = (3)(1)+(2)(2)+(-4)(3) = 3+4-12 = -5

(iii) a⃗×b⃗\vec a\times\vec b:

a⃗×b⃗=∣i^j^k^32−4123∣=i^(2⋅3−(−4)⋅2)−j^(3⋅3−(−4)⋅1)+k^(3⋅2−2⋅1)\vec a\times\vec b = \begin{vmatrix}\hat i&\hat j&\hat k\\3&2&-4\\1&2&3\end{vmatrix} = \hat i(2\cdot3-(-4)\cdot2)-\hat j(3\cdot3-(-4)\cdot1)+\hat k(3\cdot2-2\cdot1)

=i^(6+8)−j^(9+4)+k^(6−2)=14i^−13j^+4k^= \hat i(6+8)-\hat j(9+4)+\hat k(6-2) = 14\hat i-13\hat j+4\hat k

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