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Q.(i) [1] Sum of all coefficients in the Binomial expansion of (1+x)n(1+x)^n is ______.

(ii) [2] Using Binomial theorem expand (x3+3x)4\left(\dfrac{x}{3}+\dfrac{3}{x}\right)^4.
Kerala DhseKerala DHSE Plus One Board 2024Subjective· 3mImportance★★★★★
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(i) Substitute x=1x=1 into (1+x)n(1+x)^n to get the sum of coefficients. (ii) Expand using the Binomial theorem (a+b)4=∑k=044Ck a4−kbk(a+b)^4=\sum_{k=0}^4 {}^4C_k\, a^{4-k}b^k with a=x3,b=3xa=\frac{x}{3}, b=\frac{3}{x}.

(i) In the expansion (1+x)n=∑k=0nnCk xk(1+x)^n = \sum_{k=0}^n {}^nC_k\, x^k, putting x=1x=1 makes every power of xx equal to 11, leaving just the sum of the coefficients:

∑k=0nnCk=(1+1)n=2n.\sum_{k=0}^{n} {}^{n}C_k = (1+1)^n = 2^n.

(ii) With a=x3a=\dfrac{x}{3}, b=3xb=\dfrac{3}{x}, n=4n=4:

(x3+3x)4=∑k=044Ck(x3)4−k(3x)k.\left(\frac{x}{3}+\frac{3}{x}\right)^4 = \sum_{k=0}^{4} {}^4C_k \left(\frac{x}{3}\right)^{4-k}\left(\frac{3}{x}\right)^{k}.

Computing term by term:

  • k=0: 4C0(x3)4=x481k=0:\ {}^4C_0\left(\frac{x}{3}\right)^4 = \dfrac{x^4}{81}
  • k=1: 4C1(x3)3(3x)=4⋅x327⋅3x=4x29k=1:\ {}^4C_1\left(\frac{x}{3}\right)^3\left(\frac{3}{x}\right) = 4\cdot\dfrac{x^3}{27}\cdot\dfrac{3}{x} = \dfrac{4x^2}{9}
  • k=2: 4C2(x3)2(3x)2=6⋅x29⋅9x2=6k=2:\ {}^4C_2\left(\frac{x}{3}\right)^2\left(\frac{3}{x}\right)^2 = 6\cdot\dfrac{x^2}{9}\cdot\dfrac{9}{x^2} = 6 …

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