Q.A novel strategy to prevent nematode infestation is based on 'RNA interference'.

RNA interference (RNAi) silences a specific gene's expression using double-stranded RNA; introducing nematode-specific dsRNA into a plant makes the plant resistant to that nematode.

a) RNA interference (RNAi): RNAi is a cellular mechanism found in all eukaryotic organisms for gene silencing, used as a natural defence method (e.g. against viruses and transposons). It involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecule. When such a dsRNA binds to (is complementary to) a specific mRNA, it triggers the cell's RNAi machinery to degrade that mRNA — so the corresponding protein is never made and that gene's expression is switched off.

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