Ch 3Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production — Class 12 Botany, concept-first.

Animal husbandry is the branch of agriculture concerned with the scientific care, breeding and management of livestock — cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs, horses and camels — along with poultry a…

Bringing a professional, planned approach to what were once purely traditional farming practices is essential if animal husbandry is to make a real contribution to food production.

Dairying is the management of animals kept for milk and milk products meant for human consumption. Running a good dairy farm means putting in place processes and systems that raise both the yield and…

Poultry refers to the domesticated birds kept for food or for their eggs — chiefly chicken and ducks, and in some regions turkey and geese as well.

Breeding is one of the most important aspects of animal husbandry, because it is through breeding that farmers raise both the yield of their animals and the quality of what those animals produce — mor…

Bee-keeping, also called apiculture, is the practice of maintaining hives of honeybees to produce honey. It is one of the oldest cottage industries known to humans.

A fishery is the industry built around catching, processing or selling fish, shellfish and other aquatic animals.

Traditional farming methods can only produce a limited amount of biomass to feed humans and animals. Better farm management and bringing more land under cultivation can raise yields, but only up to a…

Plant breeding is the deliberate, purposeful manipulation of plant species to create new plant types that are better suited to cultivation, give higher yields, and resist disease.

Fungal, bacterial and viral pathogens attack a wide range of cultivated crops, and the damage they cause is especially severe in tropical climates.

Insects and pests are another major cause of crop and produce loss on a large scale. A plant's resistance to insect attack can come from morphological, biochemical or physiological characteristics.

More than 840 million people worldwide do not get enough food to meet their daily nutritional needs, and a far larger number — around three billion people — suffer from what is called 'hidden hunger':…

Conventional farming of cereals, pulses, vegetables and fruit may not be able to keep pace with the food demands of a growing human and animal population.

As traditional breeding methods proved too slow to keep pace with the demand for improved crops, a new technology — tissue culture — was developed to make crop improvement faster and more efficient.