Q.OR — Explain the modern techniques of managerial control.
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Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →Modern managerial control goes beyond simple comparison of actual-vs-budget — it uses techniques like ROI, ratio analysis, responsibility accounting, management audit, PERT/CPM, and MIS to control performance in a more analytical, forward-looking way.
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Return on Investment (ROI): Measures how efficiently a firm (or a unit within it) is using its capital, by relating the profit earned to the investment made — a widely used overall measure of managerial performance.
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Ratio analysis: Expresses relationships between different figures in the financial statements (e.g. liquidity ratios, profitability ratios, solvency ratios) to help assess and control a firm's financial health over time.
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Responsibility accounting: A system of accounting where performance is recorded and evaluated separately for each responsibility centre (cost, revenue, profit or investment centre) within the organisation, pinning accountability clearly on each manager.
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Management audit: A systematic, independent appraisal of the overall quality of management — its policies, structure, functions, and decision-making — to spot weaknesses and suggest improvements.
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