Q.Define embryogenesis ? Name the two divisions that take place during embryogenesis. (1+1/2+1/2=2) OR Write any two reasons why polyembryony occur in plants. (2)

Embryogenesis is the zygote-to-embryo developmental process, occurring through an initial unequal cell division followed by further mitotic divisions and differentiation.

Embryogenesis is defined as the process by which the zygote develops into a mature embryo through a series of mitotic (cell) divisions and organized cell differentiation.

The two key stages/divisions involved are:

1. Formation of the proembryo — the zygote first undergoes an unequal transverse division, producing a smaller terminal (apical) cell, which goes on to form the embryo proper, and a larger basal cell, which develops into the suspensor that pushes the embryo into the endosperm for nourishment. …

Embryogenesis is the step-by-step transformation of the zygote into a fully formed embryo inside the embryo sac.

After double fertilisation, the diploid zygote (formed by fusion of the male gamete with the egg cell) develops into the embryo through a highly ordered series of divisions called embryogenesis, common to both dicots and monocots in its early stages:

1. Proembryo stage — the zygote undergoes its first asymmetric division, forming a smaller apical cell and a larger basal cell.
2. Suspensor formation — the basal cell divides to form the suspensor, which pushes the developing embryo into the endosperm for nutrition; the apical cell divides further to form the embryo proper.
3. Globular stage — repeated divisions of the apical cell produce a rounded (globular) mass of cells. …