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Q.Solve: 2tan⁡−1(cos⁡x)=tan⁡−1(2csc⁡x)2\tan^{-1}(\cos x) = \tan^{-1}(2\csc x).

Odisha ChseOdisha CHSE +2 Science Board Exam 2019Subjective· 4mImportance★★★★★
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Using 2tan⁡−1t=tan⁡−1 ⁣(2t1−t2)2\tan^{-1}t = \tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{2t}{1-t^2}\right) with t=cos⁡xt=\cos x reduces the equation to cot⁡x=1\cot x = 1, giving x=π4x=\dfrac{\pi}{4} (general solution nπ+π/4n\pi+\pi/4).

2tan⁡−1(cos⁡x)=tan⁡−1(2csc⁡x)2\tan^{-1}(\cos x) = \tan^{-1}(2\csc x)

Using the double-angle formula 2tan⁡−1t=tan⁡−1 ⁣(2t1−t2)2\tan^{-1}t = \tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{2t}{1-t^2}\right) (valid for ∣t∣<1|t|<1) with t=cos⁡xt=\cos x:

2tan⁡−1(cos⁡x)=tan⁡−1 ⁣(2cos⁡x1−cos⁡2x)=tan⁡−1 ⁣(2cos⁡xsin⁡2x)2\tan^{-1}(\cos x) = \tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{2\cos x}{1-\cos^2 x}\right) = \tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{2\cos x}{\sin^2 x}\right)

So the equation becomes:

tan⁡−1 ⁣(2cos⁡xsin⁡2x)=tan⁡−1(2csc⁡x)=tan⁡−1 ⁣(2sin⁡x)\tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{2\cos x}{\sin^2 x}\right) = \tan^{-1}(2\csc x) = \tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{2}{\sin x}\right)

Since tan⁡−1\tan^{-1} is one-to-one, equate the arguments:

2cos⁡xsin⁡2x=2sin⁡x\dfrac{2\cos x}{\sin^2 x} = \dfrac{2}{\sin x}

Divide both sides by 22 and multiply both sides by sin⁡2x\sin^2 x (with sin⁡x≠0\sin x\neq 0, required for csc⁡x\csc x to be defined):

cos⁡x=sin⁡x\cos x = \sin x

…

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