Q.Evaluate ∫₂⁴ (x² − 1) dx.
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The Power Rule for Integration
Integration reverses differentiation: given a rate of change, it recovers the original function. When you differentiate xn you get nxn−1 — the exponent drops by one and multiplies in front. To integrate you do the opposite: raise the exponent by one and divide by the new exponent. That is the whole idea.
The statement
∫xndx=n+1xn+1+C,n=−1
- n may be any real number except −1 (fractions, negatives and 0 all work).
- C is the constant of integration — shifting a graph up or down does not change its slope, so infinitely many functions share the same derivative.
Why it works
Differentiate the answer and you should get back the integrand:
dxd(n+1xn+1+C)=n+1(n+1)xn=xn.
That one line is the proof.
Using it
∫x3dx=4x4+C,∫xdx=∫x1/2dx=3/2x3/2+C=32x3/2+C.
For a polynomial, apply it term by term:
∫(5x3−2x+7)dx=45x4−x2+7x+C.
The one exception: n=−1
The formula needs n+1=0. For n=−1 it would divide by zero, so a different result takes over:
∫x1dx=log∣x∣+C.
The absolute value keeps the logarithm defined for negative x as well. …
The power rule gives the antiderivative, which is then evaluated at the upper and lower limits and subtracted. …
Use the power rule to find the antiderivative, then apply the limits.
∫24(x2−1)dx=[3x3−x]24
At x=4: 364−4=364−12=352
At x=2: 38−2=38−6=32
…
Showing the 12 most recent of 41 on this concept.
- CBSE 2026Set A1 markMCQQ.∫14xdx=(a) 1(b) −2(c) 2(d) −1
›Reveal solutionSolution
∫14xdx=[2x]14=4−2=2.
Since ∫x−1/2dx=2x, evaluate between the limits:
…
- CBSE 2026Set ANNUAL1 markQ.Find the anti-derivative of 3x2+4x3.
›Reveal solutionSolution
Apply the power rule for integration to each term separately.
∫(3x2+4x3)dx=3∫x2dx+4∫x3dx
=3⋅3x3+4⋅4x4+C
=x3+x4+C
…
- CBSE 2026Set ANNUAL1 markQ.Write the answer in one word/sentence: Write the value of ∫13dx.
›Reveal solutionSolution
∫13dx=[x]13=3−1=2.
…
- CBSE 2025Set 65/1/11 markMCQQ.If ∫x221/xdx=k⋅21/x+C, then k is equal to (A) log2−1 (B) −log2 (C) −1 (D) 21
›Reveal solutionSolution
This problem asks for the coefficient k in a given integral expression. We solve it by applying integration by parts to the left-hand side and comparing the resulting elementary term with the given form. The value of k is −1.
The problem asks us to find the value of k given the equation ∫x22xdx=k⋅2xx1+C. The integral ∫x22xdx is a non-elementary integral, meaning it cannot be expressed in terms of elementary functions (polynomials, exponentials, logarithms, trigonometric functions).
In such problems, the given form k⋅2xx1+C usually represents the elementary part obtained from a single application of integration by parts, with the remaining non-elementary integral implicitly absorbed or ignored for the purpose of finding k. Our strategy will be to perform integration by parts on the left-hand side and then compare the resulting elementary term with k⋅2xx1.
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Recall the Integration by Parts Formula:
The integration by parts formula is given by:
∫udv=uv−∫vdu
The key is to choose u and dv such that uv matches the desired form k⋅2xx1 and ∫vdu is either simpler or the non-elementary part.
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Choose u and dv for the integral ∫x22xdx:
We have the integrand x22x=2x⋅x−2.
To obtain a term like 2xx1 in the uv part, we should choose dv such that v involves x1.
Let's choose:
- dv=x−2dx
- u=2x
Now, we find v and du:
- v=∫x−2dx=−x−1=−x1
- du=dxd(2x)dx=2xlog2dx (Recall that dxd(ax)=axloga)
-
Apply Integration by Parts:
Substitute these into the formula ∫udv=uv−∫vdu:
∫x22xdx=(2x)(−x1)−∫(−x1)(2xlog2)dx
∫x22xdx=−x2x−∫(−x2xlog2)dx
∫x22xdx=−x2x+log2∫x2xdx
- Compare with the given form: We are given that ∫x22xdx=k⋅2xx1+C. From our integration by parts, we found:
∫x22xdx=−x2x+log2∫x2xdx
Comparing the elementary term involving $2^x \frac{1}{x}$: … -
- CBSE 2025Set X11 markQ.The value of ∫7131dx= __________.
›Reveal solutionSolution
∫7131dx equals the interval length 13−7=6.
Concept: The definite integral of the constant function 1 over [a,b] equals b−a.
Step 1 — Antiderivative.
∫1dx=x. …
- CBSE 2025Set ANNUAL1 markQ.Evaluate ∫x21−x3dx.
›Reveal solutionSolution
Split the integrand into two power-of-x terms and integrate termwise.
…
- CBSE 2025Set E1 markMCQQ.∫013x2dx=(a) 3(b) 31(c) 1(d) 91
›Reveal solutionSolution
Integrate the power and apply the limits; the value is 1.
…
- CBSE 2025Set E1 markMCQQ.∫xm⋅xndx=(a) m+n+2xm+1⋅xn+1+k(b) m+nxm+n+k(c) m+n+1xm+n+1+k(d) (m+n)xm+n−1+k
›Reveal solutionSolution
xm⋅xn=xm+n, and ∫xm+ndx=m+n+1xm+n+1+k.
Add the exponents:
xm⋅xn=xm+n.
Using the power rule ∫xpdx=p+1xp+1+k with p=m+n: …
- CBSE 2025Set E1 markMCQQ.∫xx+2x+x(x+1)2dx=(a) x+k(b) 21x+k(c) 2x+k(d) 2x+k
›Reveal solutionSolution
The integrand simplifies to x1, whose integral is 2x+k.
Factor the denominator:
xx+2x+x=x(x+2x+1)=x(x+1)2.
So the integrand is …
- CBSE 2025Set E1 markMCQQ.∫0axdx=(a) 2x(b) 2a(c) x(d) a
›Reveal solutionSolution
∫0ax−1/2dx=[2x]0a=2a.
Use the power rule ∫x−1/2dx=2x1/2=2x. Evaluating the definite integral:
…
- CBSE 2025Set E1 markMCQQ.2∫19xdx=(a) 8(b) 4(c) 2(d) 12
›Reveal solutionSolution
2[2x]19=2(2⋅3−2⋅1)=2⋅4=8.
Use ∫x−1/2dx=2x:
…
- CBSE 2025Set ANNUAL1 markMCQQ.∫x5/3dx=(a) 53x2/3+c(b) 38x8/3+c(c) 83x8/3+c(d) 35x8/3+c
›Reveal solutionSolution
Apply the standard power rule for integration, ∫xndx=n+1xn+1+c.
…
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