Ch 2Emerging Trends — Class 11 Informatics Practices, concept-first.

Computers have been part of our lives for a long time, but the world of computing never stands still. New technologies and fresh initiatives appear with each passing day, and the digital landscape kee…

Some of the most striking technology in your daily life works quietly in the background, making decisions that once only a human could make. Consider two familiar situations.

A computer program normally does only what a human has explicitly told it to do, step by step. Machine Learning (ML) breaks that limitation.

Every time your search engine suggests the next word of your sentence while you are still typing the keywords, or a spell-checking feature flags a misspelt word, you are watching Natural Language Proc…

Watching a film in three-dimensional (3D) videography has raised the joy of the theatre experience to a new level, and video games are being developed with the same ambition — to pull the player insid…

A robot is, at its core, a machine that can carry out one or more tasks automatically, with accuracy and precision. Many machines run automatically, so automation alone is not what defines a robot.

Technology has made its way into almost every sphere of our lives, and one consequence is that data is now being produced at a colossal rate.

What makes a data set "big data" rather than merely a large database? Big data is distinguished from traditional data by five characteristics, shown in Figure 2.9 and easily remembered as the five V's…

Collecting and storing enormous amounts of data achieves nothing on its own — the benefit appears only when someone examines that data and extracts meaning from it.

A computer network, as commonly understood, is a network of computers: laptops, desktops, servers and portable devices such as tablets, smartphones and smartwatches, connected by wire or wirelessly, c…

The Internet of Things solves one problem and immediately creates another. IoT lets a person interact with many different devices over the Internet using a smartphone or computer, which effectively bu…

A sensor is the sense-organ of a smart device: it picks up something happening in the physical world and turns it into information a machine can act on.

Rapid urbanisation is loading cities beyond what traditional management can handle, and the smart city is technology's answer: run the city itself on computing, communication and connected sensing, so…

Every computer has limits: only so much storage, only so much processing power, and everything on it is tied to that one machine.

The clearest way to understand the cloud is to treat everything as a service. A service is simply any facility the cloud provides — a machine, a ready-made environment, or a finished application.

Suppose a research problem needs more computing power than any single affordable machine can supply. One answer is to make many ordinary machines act as one extraordinary machine.

When you book a train ticket or transfer money at a bank, your transaction is recorded in a centralised database: all the data sits in one central location, and transactions are updated on it one by o…

- Artificial Intelligence endeavours to simulate the natural intelligence of human beings into machines, thus making them intelligent.