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Q.Expand the expression (2x−x2)5\left(\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)^5.

Rajasthan RbseRajasthan Board Senior Secondary Part-I Examination 2023Subjective· 2mImportance★★★★★
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(2x−x2)5=32x5−40x3+20x−5x+58x3−x532\left(\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)^5 = \dfrac{32}{x^5}-\dfrac{40}{x^3}+\dfrac{20}{x}-5x+\dfrac{5}{8}x^3-\dfrac{x^5}{32}.

Using the binomial theorem (a+b)5=∑k=05(5k)a5−kbk(a+b)^5=\displaystyle\sum_{k=0}^{5}\binom{5}{k}a^{5-k}b^k with a=2xa=\dfrac2x and b=−x2b=-\dfrac{x}{2}:

Termk=(5k)(2x)5−k(−x2)k=(5k)(−1)k 25−2k x2k−5\text{Term}_k = \binom5k\left(\frac2x\right)^{5-k}\left(-\frac{x}{2}\right)^{k} = \binom5k(-1)^k\,2^{5-2k}\,x^{2k-5}

Computing each term for k=0,1,2,3,4,5k=0,1,2,3,4,5 (using (50),…,(55)=1,5,10,10,5,1\binom50,\dots,\binom55 = 1,5,10,10,5,1):

  • k=0k=0: 1⋅1⋅32⋅x−5=32x51\cdot1\cdot32\cdot x^{-5} = \dfrac{32}{x^5}
  • k=1k=1: 5⋅(−1)⋅8⋅x−3=−40x35\cdot(-1)\cdot8\cdot x^{-3} = -\dfrac{40}{x^3}
  • k=2k=2: 10⋅1⋅2⋅x−1=20x10\cdot1\cdot2\cdot x^{-1} = \dfrac{20}{x}
  • k=3k=3: 10⋅(−1)⋅12⋅x1=−5x10\cdot(-1)\cdot\tfrac12\cdot x^{1} = -5x
  • k=4k=4: 5⋅1⋅18⋅x3=58x35\cdot1\cdot\tfrac18\cdot x^{3} = \dfrac58 x^3 …

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