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Q.If U={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}U = \{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10\}, A={1,2,3,4,5,6}A = \{1,2,3,4,5,6\} and B={2,3,4}B = \{2,3,4\}, then prove that

(i) (A∪B)′=A′∩B′(A \cup B)' = A' \cap B'
(ii) (A∩B)′=A′∪B′(A \cap B)' = A' \cup B'
Rajasthan RbseRajasthan Board Senior Secondary Part-I Examination 2018Subjective· 4mImportance★★★★★
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Compute each side of both De Morgan identities directly from the given sets and show they are equal.

Given: U={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}U=\{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10\}, A={1,2,3,4,5,6}A=\{1,2,3,4,5,6\}, B={2,3,4}B=\{2,3,4\}.

First find the basic sets:

A′=U−A={7,8,9,10}A' = U - A = \{7,8,9,10\}

B′=U−B={1,5,6,7,8,9,10}B' = U - B = \{1,5,6,7,8,9,10\}

(i) Prove (A∪B)′=A′∩B′(A\cup B)' = A' \cap B'

Since B⊂AB \subset A, A∪B=A={1,2,3,4,5,6}A \cup B = A = \{1,2,3,4,5,6\}.

(A∪B)′=A′={7,8,9,10}(A\cup B)' = A' = \{7,8,9,10\}

A′∩B′={7,8,9,10}∩{1,5,6,7,8,9,10}={7,8,9,10}A' \cap B' = \{7,8,9,10\} \cap \{1,5,6,7,8,9,10\} = \{7,8,9,10\}

Both sides equal {7,8,9,10}\{7,8,9,10\}, so (A∪B)′=A′∩B′(A\cup B)' = A'\cap B' ✓

(ii) Prove (A∩B)′=A′∪B′(A\cap B)' = A' \cup B'

Since B⊂AB \subset A, A∩B=B={2,3,4}A \cap B = B = \{2,3,4\}.

(A∩B)′=U−{2,3,4}={1,5,6,7,8,9,10}(A\cap B)' = U - \{2,3,4\} = \{1,5,6,7,8,9,10\}

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