Q.Give a brief account of the types of chromosomes based on the position of centromere.

Chromosomes are classified by centromere position; a terminal centromere = telocentric.

Based on the position of the centromere, chromosomes are of four types:

• Metacentric: centromere in the middle, arms of equal length (V-shaped at anaphase)
• Submetacentric: centromere slightly away from the middle, arms of unequal length (L-shaped)
• Acrocentric: centromere very close to one end, one arm very short (J-shaped) …

The kinetochore is a structure found on the chromosome, specifically at its centromere.

Every chromosome has a primary constriction called the centromere, on either side of which a small disc-shaped structure called the kinetochore is present. During mitosis and meiosis, spindle fibres (microtubules) attach to the kinetochores, which is essential for pulling the chromosomes to opposite pol …

Telocentric chromosomes have a terminal centromere, so they possess a single arm rather than two.

Chromosomes are classified by the position of the centromere into four types: metacentric (centromere in the middle, two equal arms), sub-metacentric (centromere slightly away from the middle, arms of slightly unequal length), acrocentric (centromere very close to one end, one very short arm and one very long arm), and telocentric, where the cent …