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Business Studies · Class 12 Commerce

Ch 8Controlling — Class 12 Business Studies, concept-first.

Controlling is one of the essential functions of a manager. To get planned results from subordinates, a manager must exercise effective control over their activities. In simple terms, controlling means ensuring that everything happening in the organisation is aligned with the plans that were made.

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Key concepts

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Controlling Definition

Imagine you're trying to prove that a function is continuous at a point. You've seen the epsilon-delta definition: for every , there exists a such that if , then . That's the standard definition.

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Chapter contents

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8.1

Meaning of Controlling

Controlling is one of the essential functions of a manager. To get planned results from subordinates, a manager must exercise effective control over their activities.

8.2

Importance of Controlling

Control is not optional in management — it is indispensable. Without it, even the best-laid plans can go wrong. A good control system helps an organisation in six specific ways, each explained below.

8.3

Limitations of Controlling

Controlling is a necessary function, but it is not a perfect one. Managers must be aware of its built-in weaknesses so they can design control systems that are practical, accepted by people, and worth…

8.4

Relationship between Planning and Controlling

Planning and controlling are often called the inseparable twins of management. The reason is simple: one cannot work without the other.

8.5

Controlling Process

Controlling is a systematic process, not a one-time event. It follows a logical sequence of five steps that form a continuous loop.

Key Terms

- Controlling – The management function of comparing actual performance with predetermined standards and taking corrective action so that organisational goals are achieved.

Summary

- Controlling is the process of comparing actual performance with standards, identifying deviations, and taking corrective action.

Very Short Answer Questions

+Show 5 questions5 questions
  1. Q1State the meaning of controlling.Free
  2. Q2Name the principle that a manager should consider while dealing with deviations effectively. State any one situation in which an organisatio…Free
  3. Q3State any one situation in which an organisation's control system loses its effectiveness.Preview
  4. Q4Give any two standards that can be used by a company to evaluate the performance of its Finance & Accounting department.Preview
  5. Q5Which term is used to indicate the difference between standard performance and actual performance?Preview

Short Answer Questions

+Show 4 questions4 questions
  1. Q1'Planning is looking ahead and controlling is looking back.' Comment.Free
  2. Q2'An effort to control everything may end up in controlling nothing.' Explain.Free
  3. Q3Explain how management audit serves as an effective technique of controlling.Preview
  4. Q4Mr. Arfaaz had been heading the production department of Writewell Products Ltd., a firm manufacturing stationery items. The firm secured an…Preview

Long Answer Questions

+Show 6 questions6 questions
  1. Q1Explain the various steps involved in the process of control.Free
  2. Q2Explain the techniques of managerial control.Free
  3. Q3Explain the importance of controlling in an organisation. What are the problems faced by the organisation in implementing an effective contr…Preview
  4. Q4Discuss the relationship between planning and controlling.Preview
  5. Q5A company 'M' limited is manufacturing mobile phones both for domestic Indian market as well as for export. It had enjoyed a substantial mar…Preview
  6. Q6Mr Shantanu is a chief manager of a reputed company that manufactures garments. He called the production manager and instructed him to keep…Preview

Sample & Board Papers

Sample papers and previous-year board questions for this subject.

+Show 11 questions11 questions
  1. Q1Piyush is the Production Manager of a shoe company 'Comforty'. He has 1000 workers under him in his department. Piyush booked a special orde…Preview
  2. Q2Statement I : Controlling ensures that activities in an organization are performed as per the plans. Statement II : Controlling function of…Preview
  3. Q3Piyush is the Production Manager of a shoe company called 'Comforty'. He has 1000 workers working under him in his department. Piyush booked…Preview
  4. Q4Nishtha runs a chain of famous restaurants, ‘Indian Kitchen’, in different parts of Delhi. The restaurant chain was known for good quality f…Preview
  5. Q5Umang was working as a 'Production Manager' at 'LG Papers Ltd.' The company had launched new eco-friendly paper straws in the market. He was…Preview
  6. Q6Asha was running a business of producing and selling pickles, murabbas and papad etc. She was earning a good profit for the last many years.…Preview
  7. Q7Sameer is a wholesaler, who deals in cricket equipment. He collects cricket equipment like bats, balls, helmets, gloves, stumps, etc. from d…Preview
  8. Q8Read the following statements carefully : Statement – I : Control should focus on key result areas which are critical to the success of an o…Preview
  9. Q9‘Riya Mart’ is a company manufacturing disposable crockery. They have been in business for the past five years, but were not earning good pr…Preview
  10. Q10Vinber Ltd. set up a manufacturing unit at Bhiwadi in Himachal Pradesh to manufacture electric geysers and supply them to dealers all over t…Preview
  11. Q11Vikas was the Chief Operating Officer of 'Yalet Ltd.', a company providing advanced software solutions to Indian Defence Services. They had…Preview