Q.Assertion (A): Conservation of Biodiversity can be made by in-situ conservation and ex-situ conservation.
Reason (R): The historic convention on Biological diversity held in Rio-de-Janeiro in 1992. It is also known as 'Earth Summit'.

Cryopreservation of gametes/tissue is ex-situ conservation; the other options are in-situ.

Ex-situ conservation means protecting a species outside its natural habitat; the traditional/conventional methods of doing this are botanical gardens and zoological parks (zoos), which maintain and display living plants and animals respectively.

Ex-situ conservation strategies range from conventional approaches - botanical gardens, zoological parks, and wildlife safari parks, where living specimens are kept and bred outside their natural habitat - to more modern biotechnological approaches such as cryopreservation of gametes/tissues, seed banks, a …

Zoological parks conserve animals in an artificial, off-site setting, making them a textbook example of ex-situ conservation.

Ex-situ ('off-site') conservation protects species outside of their natural habitats, in artificially managed or controlled environments. Zoological parks (zoos) house and breed animals away from their original habitats, often including endangered species, for conservation, research, and education purposes, making them a clear example of ex-situ conservat …

Both statements are correct, but the Reason does not explain the Assertion.

Assertion (A) is correct — biodiversity is conserved via in-situ methods (protecting species in their natural habitat, e.g. national parks, biosphere reserves) and ex-situ methods (conserving outside the natural habitat, e.g. zoos, seed banks). Reason (R) is also factually correct — the 1992 Rio-de-Janeiro Convention on Biological Diversity (the 'Earth Summit') was historic. However, R merely states a historical fact about a convent …

Ex-situ conservation protects species outside their natural habitat, as in zoos, botanical gardens, and gene banks.

Ex-situ conservation means conserving threatened animals and plants by removing them from their natural habitat and placing them under partial or total human care, e.g., in zoological parks, botanical gardens, wildlife safari parks, cryopreservation of gametes, and seed/gene banks. This contrasts …

Ex-situ conservation protects organisms outside their natural habitat; of the four listed, Zoological Park and Botanical Garden fit this definition.

Ex-situ conservation means protecting threatened plants and animals by removing a part of the population from their natural habitat and placing them under human care, e.g. in zoos, botanical gardens, wildlife safari parks, seed banks and cryopreservation facilities.

From the given list:

• Zoological Park — animals kept and bred outside their natural habitat → ex-situ. …

Cryopreservation is an ex-situ conservation method, not an in-situ one.

In-situ conservation protects species within their own natural habitat — this includes National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Biosphere Reserves (protected areas). Ex-situ conservation, by contrast, protects components of biodiversity outside their natural habitat — in zoos, botanical gardens, gene banks, seed bank …

The Kukrail Crocodile (Gharial) Rehabilitation Centre is located in Lucknow.

Concept — ex-situ conservation. Conserving threatened species outside their natural habitat — in rehabilitation centres, zoos, breeding centres, etc. — is ex-situ conservation. The Kukrail centre, set up to breed and rehabilitate the endangered gharial and mugger crocodile before releasing them into rivers, is one suc …

Part (a): The ex situ conservation method among the options is CRYOPRESERVATION - option (C). Part (b): Stratospheric ozone is continuously formed by the action of UV rays on molecular oxygen - option (C).

Ex-situ conservation protects species OUTSIDE their natural habitat; only a zoological park among the options does this.

Ex-situ conservation includes zoological parks, botanical gardens, wildlife safari parks, seed banks/gene banks and cryopreservation of gametes — species are removed from their natural home and maintained/bred in a controlled artificial setting. In-situ conservation, by contrast, p …

Ex-situ conservation protects species outside their natural habitat; among the options, only Zoological parks are ex-situ — the rest (wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, national parks, sacred groves) are in-situ methods that protect species within their own natural habitat.

Conservation of biodiversity is carried out by two broad strategies:

• In-situ conservation — protecting species within their own natural habitat/ecosystem. This includes Wildlife sanctuaries, National parks, Biosphere reserves, and traditionally protected Sacred groves. …

A germplasm collection is the total reservoir of all the different alleles for all the genes present in a crop species, including its wild relatives — the raw genetic material used for future plant breeding.

In plant breeding, before starting any breeding programme, all the different wild varieties, relatives, and cultivated strains of a crop are collected and preserved — this complete collection, representing all the alleles available for all genes of that crop, is called the germplasm collection. It is typically preserved as seeds in germplasm/gene banks at low temperature and humidity.

• Herbarium (a): a collection of dried, pressed plant specimens for identification — not what's described.
• Somaclones (b): plants derived from tissue culture that show genetic variation — not a genetic reservoir. …