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Q.Find dydx\dfrac{dy}{dx}, if y=cos⁡−1 ⁣(2x1+x2)y = \cos^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{2x}{1+x^2}\right), −1<x<1-1 < x < 1.

Uttarakhand UbseUttarakhand Board Intermediate (Class 12) 2022Subjective· 2mImportance★★★★★
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Differentiate cos⁡−1(u)\cos^{-1}(u) directly with u=2x1+x2u=\frac{2x}{1+x^2}, using −1<x<1-1<x<1 to fix the sign under the root.

Let u=2x1+x2u = \dfrac{2x}{1+x^2}. Then y=cos⁡−1uy=\cos^{-1}u and dydx=−11−u2⋅dudx\dfrac{dy}{dx} = -\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1-u^2}}\cdot\dfrac{du}{dx}.

dudx=2(1+x2)−2x(2x)(1+x2)2=2−2x2(1+x2)2=2(1−x2)(1+x2)2\frac{du}{dx} = \frac{2(1+x^2)-2x(2x)}{(1+x^2)^2} = \frac{2-2x^2}{(1+x^2)^2} = \frac{2(1-x^2)}{(1+x^2)^2}

1−u2=1−4x2(1+x2)2=(1+x2)2−4x2(1+x2)2=(1−x2)2(1+x2)21-u^2 = 1-\frac{4x^2}{(1+x^2)^2} = \frac{(1+x^2)^2-4x^2}{(1+x^2)^2} = \frac{(1-x^2)^2}{(1+x^2)^2}

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