Costing and Taxation · Class 11 Commerce
Ch 4Residential Status and Incidence of Tax (Individual) — Class 11 Costing and Taxation, concept-first.
Two people with the exact same income can face completely different Indian tax bills, depending on one single factor: their residential status for the year. Residential status decides HOW MUCH of a person's total income — Indian-sourced only, or Indian plus global — the Income Tax Act, 1961 actually brings into the tax…
Key concepts
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Meaning and Categories of Residential Status
Residential status is the single classification that decides how much of an individual's income the Income Tax Act, 1961 brings into the Indian tax net — it is determined AFRESH every previous year and has nothing to do…
Most relevant Q&A
Chapter contents
The NCERT structure, section by section. Open a section to see its questions, then read the concept-first solution.
Meaning and Importance of Residential Status
Two people with the exact same income can face completely different Indian tax bills, depending on one single factor: their residential status for the year.
Basic Conditions for Determining Residential Status of an Individual [Section 6(1)]
Every individual's residential-status computation starts with two basic conditions under Section 6(1).
Additional Conditions: Resident and Ordinarily Resident (ROR) vs Resident but Not Ordinarily Resident (RNOR) [Section 6(6)]
Once an individual has been classified as Resident under the basic conditions (Section 2), Section 6(6) applies a second, separate pair of tests — the additional conditions — to decide whether that Re…
Incidence of Tax: Scope of Total Income by Residential Status
Residential status is not an end in itself — its whole purpose is to fix the scope of total income: exactly which items of income get added into an individual's Total Income for the year.
Terms Introduced in the Chapter
This section collects, in one place, every term, test and classification rule introduced in this chapter, for quick reference and revision.
Questions for Practice
This set of questions checks your understanding of residential-status classification — applying the basic conditions, then the additional conditions — and the incidence of tax that follows from it, ac…
More questions
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- Q12Define 'Resident and Ordinarily Resident (ROR)' and 'Non-Resident (NR)'. In one sentence each, state the extent of income taxable in India f…Free
- Q13Distinguish between the Basic Conditions under Section 6(1) and the Additional Conditions under Section 6(6).Preview
- Q14Mr. Dev Chatterjee, an Indian citizen not covered by any of the citizen-exceptions, stayed in India for 65 days during the previous year 202…Preview
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- Q1Mr. Arjun Mehta, an Indian citizen, stayed in India for 190 days during the previous year 2025-26, for reasons unrelated to any employment a…Free
- Q2Ms. Neha Kapoor, an Indian citizen, left India on 20th September 2025 to take up employment in Germany. Before leaving, she had stayed in In…Free
- Q3Mr. Rakesh Verma, a person of Indian origin now settled abroad, came to India on a visit and stayed for 100 days during the previous year 20…Free
- Q4Mrs. Sunita Rao, an Indian citizen employed in India throughout the year (no citizen-exception applies to her), stayed in India for 55 days…Preview
- Q5Mr. Suresh Iyer has already been determined to be a Resident for the previous year 2025-26 (he stayed 200 days in India during the year). He…Preview
- Q6Mr. Alok Bhatia returned to India permanently on 1st June 2025, after living and working abroad continuously for the previous 12 years. Duri…Preview
- Q7Ms. Priya Nair, already established as Resident for the previous year, was resident in India (under Section 6(1)) in 4 of the preceding 10 p…Preview
- Q8During the previous year 2025-26, an individual has the following income: (i) Salary of ₹6,00,000 received in India for services rendered in…Preview
- Q9Using the same income items as the previous question, compute the total income chargeable to tax in India for AY 2026-27 if the individual i…Preview
- Q10Using the same income items again, compute the total income chargeable to tax in India for AY 2026-27 if the individual is instead a Non-Res…Preview
- Q11Present, in a single comparative table, the total income chargeable to tax in India for each of the three residential statuses (ROR, RNOR, N…Preview