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7.4.1 — Long Answer Questions

Q.Describe the circulatory system.

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The circulatory system is built from the heart, blood vessels and blood, and moves blood through three circuits — pulmonary, systemic and coronary — to keep every cell (including the heart's own) supplied with oxygen.

The circulatory system consists of three parts. The heart is divided into four chambers — two pumping ventricles and two receiving atria, separated by the septum. Blood vessels include veins (bringing deoxygenated blood from the cells to the heart), arteries (carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to the cells), and capillaries (thin vessels where the actual exchange of nutrients and oxygen happens). Blood itself carries the nutrients and oxygen, made up of red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma and platelets, with its red colour coming from the pigment haemoglobin. …

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