Let P(n) be the statement
1⋅21+2⋅31+3⋅41+…+n(n+1)1=n+1n.
Base case: For n=1,
LHS=1⋅21=21,RHS=1+11=21.
So P(1) is true.
Inductive step: Assume P(k) is true for some k≥1:
1⋅21+…+k(k+1)1=k+1k.(Induction Hypothesis)
We must show
1⋅21+…+k(k+1)1+(k+1)(k+2)1=k+2k+1.
Using the induction hypothesis on the LHS:
k+1k+(k+1)(k+2)1=(k+1)(k+2)k(k+2)+1=(k+1)(k+2)k2+2k+1=(k+1)(k+2)(k+1)2=k+2k+1.
This is exactly P(k+1).
✓Final answer
Since P(1) is true and P(k)⇒P(k+1) for every k≥1, by PMI, 1⋅21+…+n(n+1)1=n+1n for all n≥1.