Q.Value of the determinant |cos 67π sin 67π sin 23π cos 23π| is
(A) 0
(B) 1 2
(C) β3 2
(D) 1
πYou're viewing a preview β the full solution, concept, methods & PYQ mapping are locked.
π Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution βConcept understanding β Determinant Evaluation Using Identities
Determinant Evaluation Using Identities
Expanding a 4Γ4 or 5Γ5 determinant term by term is painful and error-prone. The smarter route is to transform the determinant into an easy form using properties (the "identities") that change its value in a known, controlled way β then read the answer off a triangular matrix.
The geometric intuition
A determinant measures the signed "volume" of the box spanned by the rows in n-dimensional space. Sliding one row parallel to another doesn't change that volume; swapping two rows flips its sign; scaling a row scales the volume. The algebraic identities are just these facts translated into rules.
The three row (or column) operations
- Swap two rows: detββdet (sign flips).
- Scale a row by k: detβkdet (the factor comes out).
- Add a multiple of one row to a different row (RiββRiβ+Ξ»Rjβ, iξ =j): det unchanged.
The identical rules hold for columns. There is also row-wise linearity: if a row is a sum Riβ=Riβ²β+Riβ²β²β, the determinant splits into the sum of two determinants with all other rows fixed.
Row-wise linearity is not det(A+B)=detA+detB β that is false. The splitting works one row at a time.
The strategy
- Use operation 3 to create zeros in a row or column (value unchanged).
- Factor out common factors with operation 2.
- Swap rows if needed to reach upper-triangular form (track the sign change).
- The determinant is then the product of the diagonal entries.
Worked example
detβ147β258β3610ββ.
Apply R2ββR2ββ4R1β and R3ββR3ββ7R1β (no change), then R3ββR3ββ2R2β: β¦
Concept: Determinant Evaluation Using Trigonometric Identities (complementary angles).
Step 1: Write the determinant:
Ξ=βcos67βsin23ββsin67βcos23βββ
Step 2: Use complementary angle relations: sin23β=cos67β and cos23β=sin67β.
Step 3: Substitute: β¦
The two rows become identical after complementary-angle identities, so the determinant equals 0 β option (A).
We need the value of
βcos67βsin23ββsin67βcos23βββ.
A 2Γ2 determinant βacβbdββ equals adβbc, so
Ξ=cos67βcos23ββsin67βsin23β.
This is exactly the cosine addition formula cos(A+B)=cosAcosBβsinAsinB with A=67β, B=23β:
Ξ=cos(67β+23β)=cos90β=0. β¦
Method: Complementary-Angle Symmetry to Collapse a Trigonometric Determinant
This method applies whenever a 2Γ2 (or larger) determinant is built from trigonometric ratios of two angles that are complementary (add to 90β) or otherwise related β the goal is to collapse the determinant using an identity rather than blind expansion.
Steps
Step 1: Expand the determinant using ad β bc
For βacβbdββ, always start by writing adβbc explicitly in terms of the given trig ratios. Do not evaluate individual trig values numerically yet β keep them symbolic so an identity can be spotted.
Step 2: Match the expansion to a standard trig identity
Once written as cosAcosBβsinAsinB (or a similar pattern), recognise this as the addition/subtraction formula, e.g.
cosAcosBβsinAsinB=cos(A+B).
If the angles are complementary (A+B=90β), the result collapses to cos90β=0 immediately.
Step 3 (equivalent check): Use complementary-angle conversion to spot identical rows β¦
Common Mistakes
Mistake 1: Getting the complementary-angle identities backwards
Why it's wrong: students sometimes write sin23β=sin67β or cos23β=cos67β instead of the correct complementary relations sin(90ββΞΈ)=cosΞΈ and cos(90ββΞΈ)=sinΞΈ, which breaks the row-matching that makes the determinant collapse to zero. Correct approach: since 23β=90ββ67β, use sin23β=cos67β and cos23β=sin67β before touching the determinant.
Mistake 2: Slipping on the sign in the cosine addition formula
Why it's wrong: expanding cos67βcos23ββsin67βsin23β directly, a student may recall cos(AβB) (with a + sign) instead of cos(A+B) (with a β sign), giving cos44β instead of cos90β. Correct approach: the determinant expansion adβbc already carries the minus sign, so it matches cos(A+B)=cosAcosBβsinAsinB exactly β recognise this pattern rather than re-deriving it from scratch. β¦
Showing the 12 most recent of 59 on this concept.
- CBSE 2024Set 65/1/11 markMCQQ.βx+1x2+x+1βxβ1x2βx+1ββ is equal to : (A) 2x3 (B) 2 (C) 0 (D) 2x3β2
βΊReveal solutionSolution
Expand the 2Γ2 determinant as adβbc; the cube-sum and cube-difference collapse to a constant. The value is 2, option (B).
For a 2Γ2 determinant, βacβbdββ=adβbc.
Ξ=βx+1x2+x+1βxβ1x2βx+1ββ=(x+1)(x2βx+1)β(xβ1)(x2+x+1)
Use the standard factorisations a3+b3=(a+b)(a2βab+b2) and a3βb3=(aβb)(a2+ab+b2) with a=x,Β b=1: β¦
- CBSE 2026Set 65/1/11 markMCQQ.If Ξ1β=β100β020β003ββ and Ξ2β=β010β200β006ββ, then (A) Ξ1β=2Ξ2β (B) Ξ2β=β2Ξ1β (C) Ξ1β=Ξ2β (D) Ξ2β=βΞ1β
βΊReveal solutionSolution
The first determinant is diagonal; the second requires one row interchange to reach diagonal form. Each interchange flips the sign; evaluating both determinants gives Ξ2β=β2Ξ1β. The answer is (B).
Why determinants change under row operations
A determinant measures the signed volume of the parallelepiped spanned by the row vectors. When you swap two rows, you reflect the figure across a hyperplaneβthe volume stays the same in magnitude but the orientation reverses, flipping the sign.
The diagonal determinant is the easiest to compute: the product of the diagonal entries. The second determinant looks scrambled, but a single row swap will bring it into a form we recognize.
Step-by-step evaluation
1. Compute Ξ1β directly.
The matrix is diagonal:
Ξ1β=β100β020β003ββ=1β 2β 3=6.
2. Recognize the structure of Ξ2β.
Ξ2β=β010β200β006ββ.
The first two rows are out of order compared to a diagonal form. Swap rows 1 and 2 to bring the 1 into the top-left position.
3. Apply the row-interchange property.
Swapping rows 1 and 2:
Ξ2β=ββ100β020β006ββ.
The negative sign comes from the single interchange.
4. Evaluate the new diagonal determinant.
β100β020β006ββ=1β 2β 6=12.
So Ξ2β=β12. β¦
- CBSE 2026Set A1 markMCQQ.β233663β121026β112637ββ=(a) 1(b) β1(c) 0(d) 2
βΊReveal solutionSolution
The determinant equals 0 because one column is the sum of the other two.
Inspect the columns of
β233663β121026β112637ββ.
Check: 12+11=23, 10+26=36, 26+37=63.
β¦
- CBSE 2026Set A1 markMCQQ.βcos15βsin75ββsin15βcos75βββ=(a) 1(b) 0(c) β1(d) 21β
βΊReveal solutionSolution
The determinant equals cos90β=0.
Expand:
βcos15βsin75ββsin15βcos75βββ=cos15βcos75ββsin15βsin75β.
β¦
- CBSE 2026Set A1 markMCQQ.βa+ibβc+idβc+idaβibββ=(a) a2+b2+c2+d2(b) a2βb2βc2βd2(c) a2βb2+c2+d2(d) a2+b2+c2βd2
βΊReveal solutionSolution
Expand the 2Γ2 determinant and simplify the complex products.
βa+ibβc+idβc+idaβibββ=(a+ib)(aβib)β(c+id)(βc+id).
First term: (a+ib)(aβib)=a2β(ib)2=a2+b2. β¦
- CBSE 2026Set ANNUAL1 markMCQQ.Value of βx2βx+1x+1βxβ1x+1ββ will be(a) x2βx+2(b) x3+x2β2(c) x3βx2+2(d) x3+x2+4
βΊReveal solutionSolution
Expand the 2Γ2 determinant using βacβbdββ=adβbc.
Ξ=(x2βx+1)(x+1)β(xβ1)(x+1)
(x2βx+1)(x+1)=x3+1 (the middle terms cancel).
(xβ1)(x+1)=x2β1.
β¦
- CBSE 2026Set ANNUAL1 markQ.The value of determinant Ξ=β1β14β231β400ββ is __________.
βΊReveal solutionSolution
Expand the 3Γ3 determinant along the first row.
Ξ=β1β14β231β400ββ
Expanding along row 1: β¦
- CBSE 2026Set ANNUAL1 markQ.Find the value of determinant Ξ=β0βsinΞ±cosΞ±βsinΞ±0βsinΞ²ββcosΞ±sinΞ²0ββ.
βΊReveal solutionSolution
The matrix is skew-symmetric (each aijβ=βajiβ) and every odd-order skew-symmetric matrix has determinant 0.
Check: a12β=sinΞ±=βa21β, a13β=βcosΞ±=βa31β, a23β=sinΞ²=βa32β, and all diagonal entries are 0 β so the matrix is skew-symmetric.
β¦
- CBSE 2026Set ANNUAL1 markMCQQ.βcos30βsin30ββsin30βcos30βββ=(a) 21β(b) 23ββ(c) 0(d) None of these
βΊReveal solutionSolution
This determinant has the form cos2ΞΈβsin2ΞΈ=cos2ΞΈ.
βcos30βsin30ββsin30βcos30βββ=cos30ββ cos30ββsin30ββ sin30β=cos230ββsin230β
β¦
- CBSE 2026Set ANNUAL1 markQ.Evaluate the determinant \Delta = \begin{vmatrix}1 & 2 & 4\ -1 & 3 & 0\ 4 & 1 & 0\end{vmatrix}.
βΊReveal solutionSolution
Expand the 3Γ3 determinant along the first row (or any row/column) using cofactors.
Working: Expanding along Row 1:
Ξ=β1β14β231β400ββ β¦
- CBSE 2025Set 65/4/11 markMCQQ.If M and N are square matrices of order 3 such that det(M)=m and MN=mI, then det(N) is equal to : (A) β1 (B) 1 (C) βm2 (D) m2
βΊReveal solutionSolution
The key idea is that MN=mI implies N=mMβ1, so det(N)=m3det(Mβ1)=m3β m1β=m2. The correct option is (D).
The problem gives us two square matrices M and N of order 3, with det(M)=m and MN=mI, where I is the 3Γ3 identity matrix. We need det(N).
The central concept here is the relationship between matrix multiplication and determinants. When two matrices multiply to give a scalar times the identity, that scalar is intimately connected to the determinant of the first matrix. The equation MN=mI is not just a product β it tells us that N is essentially a scaled inverse of M.
Why? Because if MN=mI, then multiplying both sides on the left by Mβ1 (assuming M is invertible) gives N=mMβ1. But we must first check: is M invertible? Yes β since det(M)=mξ =0 (the problem doesn't state mξ =0 explicitly, but if m=0, then MN=0, which would make N singular and the answer ambiguous; in standard exam contexts, m is taken as a non-zero scalar, often a real number, and the options suggest mξ =0). So Mβ1 exists.
Now, the determinant of a scalar multiple of a matrix: for an nΓn matrix A, det(kA)=kndet(A). Here n=3, so det(mMβ1)=m3det(Mβ1).
And we know det(Mβ1)=det(M)1β=m1β.
Putting it together:
- From MN=mI, take determinant on both sides: det(MN)=det(mI).
- det(MN)=det(M)β det(N)=mβ det(N). β¦
- CBSE 2025Set E1 markMCQQ.β212564β111527β101037ββ=(a) 1190(b) 841(c) 0(d) 1
βΊReveal solutionSolution
A column that is the sum of the other two makes the determinant zero.
Examine the columns of
β212564β111527β101037ββ.
Check C2β+C3β against C1β:
11+10=21,15+10=25,27+37=64.
β¦
πUnlock everything free for 14 days
- βFull step-by-step solutions
- βConcept-first explanations
- βMethods, shortcuts & mistakes
- βPYQ mapping + timed mock tests
Full access for 14 days. No credit card required.