Q.Name any two areas other than those given where the concept of blockchain technology can be useful.

Two areas (beyond those given in the chapter) where blockchain fits naturally:

1. Land/property record management — property titles and every transfer recorded on an immutable shared ledger end forged documents, duplicate sales of the same plot, and years of ownership disputes; verification becomes instant.

2. Healthcare records — a patient's medical history kept on a blockchain is tamper-proof, shareable across hospitals with the patient's consent, and prevents fake reports and duplicate tests; it can also track medicines through the supply chain to stop counterfeits. …

The idea. Blockchain's value appears wherever many parties must trust a shared record that none of them should be able to alter: a distributed, immutable, append-only ledger removes the need for one central authority to be believed. Look for domains plagued by forgery, disputes or slow verification — that test picks out the two areas below.

1. Land and property record management

• Problem today: paper title deeds are forged, the same plot is sometimes sold to two buyers, records are scattered across offices, and ownership disputes clog courts for years.
• With blockchain: each property gets a digital record; every transfer is a signed, time-stamped transaction appended to the chain. The complete ownership history is permanent and publicly verifiable, so a buyer confirms clear title in minutes, forged back-dated deeds become impossible, and registration offices, banks (for mortgages) and courts all read one truthful ledger. Pilot projects along these lines have been run by Indian state governments.

2. Healthcare / medical records

• Problem today: a patient's history is fragmented across hospitals, records can be altered or lost, reports are faked, and tests get repeated for want of trusted data.
• With blockchain: the patient's records are anchored on a tamper-proof ledger; the patient grants consent-based access to any hospital, and every access/update is logged. Doctors trust the history, insurers trust the claims, duplicate testing drops. A second healthcare use is the pharmaceutical supply chain: tracking each medicine batch from factory to pharmacy on-chain makes counterfeit drugs detectable at every step. …