Q.What are main causes of environmental problem in India ?

The Central Pollution Control Board was established in 1974, under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of that year.

The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is India's apex statutory body for pollution control, functioning under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. It was constituted in 1974, under the provisions of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 — its mandate was later expanded by the Air (Prevention and Cont …

The correct matching is: 1-Feature of sustainable development = C-No increase in pollution; 2-Water pollution = A-Industrial waste; 3-Global warming = D-Greenhouse gases; 4-Land degradation = B-Soil erosion.

Explaining each match:

• 1. Feature of sustainable development → C. No increase in pollution. Sustainable development means meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs — a central feature of this is that development should NOT keep increasing pollution/environmental damage over time, preserving environmental quality for the future.

• 2. Water pollution → A. Industrial waste. Untreated or poorly treated industrial effluents (chemicals, heavy metals, waste water) discharged into rivers, lakes and groundwater are a leading cause of water pollution.

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The (Central) Pollution Control Board was established in 1974.

The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) was constituted in September 1974 under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, as India's apex technical body for pollution control, tasked with monitoring and controlling water and (later) air pollution and coordinating the activities of the State Pollution Con …

Global warming is the rise in Earth's average temperature due to greenhouse gases trapping heat in the atmosphere.

Global warming refers to the observed long-term rise in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans. It is primarily caused by the greenhouse effect being intensified by human activity: burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) for energy and transport, large-scale deforestation (which reduces the planet's capacity to absorb carbon dioxide), and industrial/agricultural emissions release greenhouse gases — principally carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide — into the atmosphere. These gases trap outgoing infrared heat that would otherwise escape into space, warming the planet over time. Consequences include melting polar ice and glaciers, rising sea leve …

Increasing urbanisation causes environmental degradation — as more people crowd into cities faster than infrastructure can keep pace, pollution, waste generation, and pressure on land/water/air all rise.

As India's urban population has grown rapidly, cities have faced mounting environmental stress: vehicular and industrial air pollution, inadequate sewage and solid-waste management, shrinking green cover and water bodies converted to built-up land, and overcrowded, unplanned settlements/slums with poor sanitation. These pressures intensify precisely as the PACE and SCALE of urbanisation increases, overwhelming the carrying capacity of urban infrastructure. …