Q.a) Differentiate between false fruit and true fruit.

The ovary of the flower matures into the fruit after fertilisation.

Following double fertilisation in a flowering plant, the zygote develops into the embryo and the ovules develop into seeds. Simultaneously, the ovary wall (pericarp) enlarges and matures to become the fruit, which encloses and protects the developing seed(s). In many species this …

A false fruit (pseudocarp) develops from a floral part other than the ovary; Apple is the classic example.

A true fruit develops only from the fertilised ovary after the other floral parts wither and fall off — Mango, Kiwi and Watermelon are all true fruits formed this way. In Apple, however, the fleshy edible part is formed mainly by the thalamus (receptacle) of the flower, which grows and swells around the true fr …

True fruits arise solely from the ovary; false (pseudo) fruits form from other floral parts, usually the thalamus, in addition to the ovary.

After fertilisation, the ovary generally develops into the fruit while the ovules become the seeds. When the fruit develops exclusively from the fertilised ovary, it is called a true fruit (e.g., mango, tomato). In some plants, other parts of the flower — most commonly the thalamus (receptacle) — also enlarge along with the ovary to form the fruit; such fruits are called false fruits (pseudocarps), e.g., apple and cashew, wher …

A false fruit (pseudocarp) develops from a floral part other than the ovary; in apple the edible flesh comes from the thalamus.

In most flowering plants only the ovary develops into the fruit after fertilisation — such fruits are true fruits (e.g., mango, tomato). In apple, the fleshy part we eat is derived from the thalamus (receptacle) of the flower, which enlarges and encloses the true fruit — the small, papery, five-chambered core holding the seeds, which is the actually ripened ovary. Because a floral part other …

A true fruit develops solely from the fertilised ovary; a false (pseudo-) fruit develops mainly from some other floral part, like the thalamus in apple.

After fertilisation, the ovary normally develops into the fruit (a 'true fruit'), with the ovary wall becoming the pericarp. In some plants, however, other floral parts also contribute substantially to the mature fruit — in apple, the fleshy, edible part we eat develops from the swollen thalamus (receptacle), with the true ovar …

Mango is the only true fruit here; apple, strawberry and walnut are false fruits.

Concept — true vs false fruit. After fertilisation the ovary ripens into a fruit and its wall becomes the pericarp. When the fruit develops exclusively from the ovary, it is a true (genuine) fruit. When floral parts other than the ovary — the thalamus/receptacle, calyx or bracts — grow along with the ovary and form the fleshy edible portion, the fruit is a false (spurious) fruit.

Why each option is what it is:

• Apple — the juicy edible flesh is the swollen thalamus; the true fruit (core) lies inside → false fruit.
• Strawberry — the fleshy red part is the enlarged thalamus bearing achenes on its surface → false fruit. …

The edible fleshy part of apple is the thalamus.

In most true fruits the edible flesh develops from the ovary wall (pericarp). In apple, however, the succulent edible portion develops from the thalamus (the swollen receptacle) that grows around the ovary; the real fruit lies at the core. Because a part other than the …

Apple is a false fruit (pome) — the part we eat develops from the thalamus, not the ovary.

In most fruits the fleshy edible part develops from the ovary wall (pericarp). Apple, however, is a false fruit (pome): after fertilisation, it is the thalamus (receptacle) that swells and becomes fleshy and edible, while the true fruit (form …

A fleshy fruit has a thick, juicy, edible pericarp and stays closed; a mango is a drupe with epicarp, mesocarp and stony endocarp.

Two characteristic features of a fleshy fruit.

1. The pericarp (fruit wall) is thick, soft, fleshy and juicy, storing water and food.
2. It is usually edible and indehiscent (it does not split open on its own to shed seeds; the seeds are dispersed when the fruit is eaten or decays).

Labelled diagram — vertical section (V.S.) of a mango (a drupe). (Draw an oval fruit cut lengthwise and label the layers from outside to inside.)

• Epicarp — the thin outer skin. …

Apple is classed as a pome/false fruit because its fleshy, edible portion develops from the thalamus (floral receptacle) surrounding the ovary, rather than from the ovary wall itself.

In a true fruit, the fruit wall (pericarp) develops from the ovary wall after fertilisation. In apple (and pear), however, the thalamus (receptacle) grows and becomes fleshy, enveloping the true fruit (the core, which develops from the ovary and contains the seeds). Since the sweet, fleshy part we eat comes from this thalamus rather than the ovary, apple is called a false fruit or pome. (Endocarp is the …

Apple is called a false fruit (pome) because most of its edible flesh develops from the thalamus (receptacle), not from the ovary — the true fruit is only the small five-chambered core in the centre.

(This is a 'draw a neat diagram' question; the structure is described below in the order it would be labelled.)

Longitudinal section (L.S.) of an apple, from outside in:

1. Pedicel (stalk) at the base, attaching the fruit to the branch.
2. Remnants of the calyx (sepals) persisting at the opposite (distal) end.
3. Thalamus (receptacle) — the large, fleshy, edible portion of the apple; it grows and swells enormously after fertilisation, forming most of the fruit's bulk. This is the 'false fruit' tissue.
4. Core (true fruit) — a small central region, clearly distinct from the surrounding flesh, formed from the ripened ovary. It typically has 5 carpels (chambers), each containing 1–2 seeds. …

After fertilisation the ovary wall develops into the fruit wall, called the pericarp, which thickens and protects the seed(s) within.

Following double fertilisation, the ovary of the flower develops into the fruit, while the ovary wall develops into the fruit wall known as the pericarp. The pericarp may become thick and hard (as in a nut), fleshy and edible (as in a drupe or berry), or dry and papery (as in some dehiscent fruits), but in every case it forms the outer protective covering that encloses and protects the seed( …