Q.Value of the determinant |cos 67π sin 67π sin 23π cos 23π| is
(A) 0
(B) 1 2
(C) β3 2
(D) 1
πYou're viewing a preview β the full solution, concept, methods & PYQ mapping are locked.
π Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution βConcept understanding β Determinant Evaluation Using Identities
Determinant Evaluation Using Identities
Expanding a 4Γ4 or 5Γ5 determinant term by term is painful and error-prone. The smarter route is to transform the determinant into an easy form using properties (the "identities") that change its value in a known, controlled way β then read the answer off a triangular matrix.
The geometric intuition
A determinant measures the signed "volume" of the box spanned by the rows in n-dimensional space. Sliding one row parallel to another doesn't change that volume; swapping two rows flips its sign; scaling a row scales the volume. The algebraic identities are just these facts translated into rules.
The three row (or column) operations
- Swap two rows: detββdet (sign flips).
- Scale a row by k: detβkdet (the factor comes out).
- Add a multiple of one row to a different row (RiββRiβ+Ξ»Rjβ, iξ =j): det unchanged.
The identical rules hold for columns. There is also row-wise linearity: if a row is a sum Riβ=Riβ²β+Riβ²β²β, the determinant splits into the sum of two determinants with all other rows fixed.
Row-wise linearity is not det(A+B)=detA+detB β that is false. The splitting works one row at a time.
The strategy
- Use operation 3 to create zeros in a row or column (value unchanged).
- Factor out common factors with operation 2.
- Swap rows if needed to reach upper-triangular form (track the sign change).
- The determinant is then the product of the diagonal entries.
Worked example
detβ147β258β3610ββ.
Apply R2ββR2ββ4R1β and R3ββR3ββ7R1β (no change), then R3ββR3ββ2R2β: β¦
Concept: Determinant Evaluation Using Trigonometric Identities (complementary angles).
Step 1: Write the determinant:
Ξ=βcos67βsin23ββsin67βcos23βββ
Step 2: Use complementary angle relations: sin23β=cos67β and cos23β=sin67β.
Step 3: Substitute: β¦
The two rows become identical after complementary-angle identities, so the determinant equals 0 β option (A).
We need the value of
βcos67βsin23ββsin67βcos23βββ.
A 2Γ2 determinant βacβbdββ equals adβbc, so
Ξ=cos67βcos23ββsin67βsin23β.
This is exactly the cosine addition formula cos(A+B)=cosAcosBβsinAsinB with A=67β, B=23β:
Ξ=cos(67β+23β)=cos90β=0. β¦
Method: Complementary-Angle Symmetry to Collapse a Trigonometric Determinant
This method applies whenever a 2Γ2 (or larger) determinant is built from trigonometric ratios of two angles that are complementary (add to 90β) or otherwise related β the goal is to collapse the determinant using an identity rather than blind expansion.
Steps
Step 1: Expand the determinant using ad β bc
For βacβbdββ, always start by writing adβbc explicitly in terms of the given trig ratios. Do not evaluate individual trig values numerically yet β keep them symbolic so an identity can be spotted.
Step 2: Match the expansion to a standard trig identity
Once written as cosAcosBβsinAsinB (or a similar pattern), recognise this as the addition/subtraction formula, e.g.
cosAcosBβsinAsinB=cos(A+B).
If the angles are complementary (A+B=90β), the result collapses to cos90β=0 immediately.
Step 3 (equivalent check): Use complementary-angle conversion to spot identical rows β¦
Common Mistakes
Mistake 1: Getting the complementary-angle identities backwards
Why it's wrong: students sometimes write sin23β=sin67β or cos23β=cos67β instead of the correct complementary relations sin(90ββΞΈ)=cosΞΈ and cos(90ββΞΈ)=sinΞΈ, which breaks the row-matching that makes the determinant collapse to zero. Correct approach: since 23β=90ββ67β, use sin23β=cos67β and cos23β=sin67β before touching the determinant.
Mistake 2: Slipping on the sign in the cosine addition formula
Why it's wrong: expanding cos67βcos23ββsin67βsin23β directly, a student may recall cos(AβB) (with a + sign) instead of cos(A+B) (with a β sign), giving cos44β instead of cos90β. Correct approach: the determinant expansion adβbc already carries the minus sign, so it matches cos(A+B)=cosAcosBβsinAsinB exactly β recognise this pattern rather than re-deriving it from scratch. β¦
Showing the 12 most recent of 18 on this concept.
- KEAM 2026Set eng-2026-04224 marksMCQQ.The value of βsin30βsin45βsin60ββcos30βcos45βcos60ββsin(30β+75β)sin(45β+75β)sin(60β+75β)ββ is equal to (A) β2 (B) β1 (C) 0 (D) 1 (E) 2
βΊReveal solutionSolution
The third column is a fixed linear combination of the first two, forcing a zero determinant.
Each entry of column 3 is sin(ΞΈ+75β)=sinΞΈcos75β+cosΞΈsin75β. β¦
- KEAM 2022Set eng-2022-P2-B14 marksMCQQ.βsinΞ±sinΞ²sinΞ³βcos(Ξ±+ΞΈ)cos(Ξ²+ΞΈ)cos(Ξ³+ΞΈ)βcosΞ±cosΞ²cosΞ³ββ= (A) β1 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 4 (E) 0
βΊReveal solutionSolution
The determinant equals 0.
Concept and Intuition
A determinant is zero when one column is a linear combination of the others.
Step-by-Step Solution
- Expand cos(Ο+ΞΈ)=cosΞΈcosΟβsinΞΈsinΟ for each row's middle entry.
- So column 2 =cosΞΈ(columnΒ ofΒ cosΟ)βsinΞΈ(columnΒ ofΒ sinΟ).
- Column of cosΟ is column 3, column of sinΟ is column 1.
- Thus C2β=cosΞΈC3ββsinΞΈC1β: columns are linearly dependent. β¦
- KEAM 2026Set eng-2026-04194 marksMCQQ.β1111β1211β1131ββ is equal to (A) 7100 (B) 6800 (C) 7300 (D) 6900 (E) 6700
βΊReveal solutionSolution
Cofactor expansion along the first row gives 7100.
Expansion. For β1111β1211β1131ββ:
=11(21β 31β1β 1)β1(1β 31β1β 1)+1(1β 1β21β 1) β¦
- KEAM 2021Set eng-2021-P2-B14 marksMCQQ.The value of the determinant β432β423222β433323ββ is (A) 52 (B) β24 (C) 24 (D) 48 (E) β48
βΊReveal solutionSolution
The determinant equals β48.
Concept and Intuition
Each row (k,k2,k3) has a common factor k, which can be pulled out of the determinant. The remaining determinant is a small 3Γ3 evaluation.
Step-by-Step Solution
- Factor 4,3,2 from rows 1,2,3: value =4β 3β 2β111β432β1694ββ=24D.
- Expand D=1(3β 4β9β 2)β4(1β 4β9β 1)+16(1β 2β3β 1). β¦
- KEAM 2026Set eng-2026-04184 marksMCQQ.Let f(x)=ββ101βx1β1β32x1ββ. Then the value of f(β1) is equal to (A) 6 (B) -4 (C) -2 (D) 2 (E) 0
βΊReveal solutionSolution
At x=β1 the determinant evaluates to 0.
At x=β1 the matrix is ββ101ββ11β1β3β21ββ. Expanding along the first column: β¦
- KEAM 2025Set eng-2025-04254 marksMCQQ.The numbers a1β,a2β,a3β,a4β,a5β and a6β are in G.P. If a1β=2 and the common ratio r=21β, then the value of βa1βa3βa5ββa2βa4βa6ββ111ββ is equal to (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 21β (D) 4 (E) 0
βΊReveal solutionSolution
Two columns are proportional, forcing the determinant to zero.
With a1β=2,r=21β: the terms are 2,1,21β,41β,81β,161β.
In the determinant
βa1βa3βa5ββa2βa4βa6ββ111ββ, β¦
- KEAM 2023Set eng-2023-P2-B24 marksMCQQ.The determinant of the matrix β111β4916β82764ββ is (A) 13 (B) 208 (C) 104 (D) 26 (E) 52
βΊReveal solutionSolution
Expanding along the first row gives determinant 52.
Concept and Intuition
A direct cofactor expansion along the first row is quickest for a 3Γ3 determinant.
Step-by-Step Solution
- det = 1(9Β·64 β 27Β·16) β 4(1Β·64 β 27Β·1) + 8(1Β·16 β 9Β·1).
- = 1(576 β 432) β 4(64 β 27) + 8(16 β 9). β¦
- KEAM 2026Set eng-2026-04204 marksMCQQ.The value of the determinant β(105+10β5)2(1006+100β6)2(6100+6β100)2β(105β10β5)2(1006β100β6)2(6100β6β100)2β111ββ is equal to (A) 100 (B) 200 (C) 0 (D) 6000 (E) 60600
βΊReveal solutionSolution
In every row the two entries are (P+Q)2 and (PβQ)2 with PQ=1, so C1ββC2β=4PQ=4 for all rows. That makes column C1ββC2β a multiple of the all-ones column C3β; two proportional columns force the determinant to be 0.
In each row the entries have the form (P+Q)2,Β (PβQ)2,Β 1, where:
- Row 1: P=105,Β Q=10β5, PQ=1.
- Row 2: P=1006,Β Q=100β6, PQ=1.
- Row 3: P=6100,Β Q=6β100, PQ=1.
Apply the column operation C1ββC1ββC2β. For every row, β¦
- KEAM 2025Set eng-2025-04294 marksMCQQ.If Ξ±+Ξ²+Ξ³=0, then βeΞ±eΞ²eΞ³βe2Ξ±e2Ξ²e2Ξ³βe3Ξ±β1e3Ξ²β1e3Ξ³β1ββ= (A) eβ1 (B) e (C) e2 (D) e3 (E) 0
βΊReveal solutionSolution
Let a=eΞ±,b=eΞ²,c=eΞ³, so abc=eΞ±+Ξ²+Ξ³=1. Split the third column a3β1=a3+(β1); the two resulting Vandermonde determinants are equal and cancel, giving 0.
Write the rows as (a,a2,a3β1) etc. By column-linearity the determinant splits as D1ββD2β where
D1β=βabcβa2b2c2βa3b3c3ββ=abcβ111βabcβa2b2c2ββ=abc,V, β¦
- KEAM 2021Set eng-2021-P2-B14 marksMCQQ.Let βxβ121β2xβ1x+2β12xβ1ββ=ax3+bx2+cx+d, where a,b,c and d are constants. Then the value of d is (A) β8 (B) 6 (C) 0 (D) β6 (E) 16
βΊReveal solutionSolution
Setting x=0 gives the constant term d=16.
Concept and Intuition
Writing the determinant as ax3+bx2+cx+d, the constant d equals the value at x=0, since all x-bearing terms vanish there.
Step-by-Step Solution
- At x=0 the matrix is ββ121β2β12β12β1ββ.
- Expand: β1((β1)(β1)β2β 2)β2(2β (β1)β2β 1)+1(2β 2β(β1)β 1). β¦
- KEAM 2025Set eng-2025-04284 marksMCQQ.Let Ξ=βxx+y1βyy+1xβ1x+1yββ. If x+y=β1, then the value of Ξ is equal to (A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 0 (E) -3
βΊReveal solutionSolution
Expanding Ξ and substituting x+y=β1, every term reduces to 0 because it carries a factor x+y+1=0.
Expanding along the first row:
Ξ=x[(y+1)yβ(x+1)x]βy[(x+y)yβ(x+1)]+[(x+y)xβ(y+1)].
With x+y=β1:
- First term: x[(y2βx2)+(yβx)]=x(yβx)(x+y+1)=x(yβx)(0)=0. β¦
- KEAM 2024Set eng-2024-06094 marksMCQQ.Let A=(aijβ) be a square matrix of order 3 and let Mijβ be the minors of aijβ. If M11β=β40,M12β=β10,M13β=35 and a11β=1,a12β=3,a13β=β2 then the value of β£Aβ£ is equal to (A) -100 (B) -80 (C) 0 (D) 60 (E) 80
βΊReveal solutionSolution
Convert minors to cofactors with alternating signs, then expand: β£Aβ£=β80.
Cofactors: C11β=+M11β=β40, C12β=βM12β=10, C13β=+M13β=35.
Expanding along the first row: β¦
πUnlock everything free for 14 days
- βFull step-by-step solutions
- βConcept-first explanations
- βMethods, shortcuts & mistakes
- βPYQ mapping + timed mock tests
Full access for 14 days. No credit card required.