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Organisation of Commerce and Management · Class 11 Commerce

Ch 1Introduction of Commerce and Business — Class 11 Organisation of Commerce and Management, concept-first.

This is the opening chapter of the Std XI Organisation of Commerce and Management (OCM) paper, and everything that follows in the syllabus — Trade, Small Scale Industry, the different Forms of Business Organisation, the Institutes that support business, the Business Environment, and Management itself — builds on the vo…

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Overview

This is the opening chapter of the Std XI Organisation of Commerce and Management (OCM) paper, and everything that follows in the syllabus — Trade, Small Scale Industry, the different Forms of Busines…

1

Business, Industry, Trade and Commerce

Business is any human activity undertaken with the object of earning a profit, by producing or acquiring goods and services and exchanging them with others, carried on regularly and involving an eleme…

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Characteristics of Business

A number of features, taken together, distinguish a "business" from other kinds of human activity (a hobby, a charity, or a job held for wages):

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Business, Profession and Employment

Every person who earns a livelihood does so through one of three broad forms of "gainful occupation": business, profession, or employment.

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Objectives of Business

A business does not exist for a single narrow purpose; it pursues a set of objectives that are usually grouped under two broad heads: economic objectives and social objectives.

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Classification of Industries

Industry — the branch of business concerned with producing or processing goods — is broadly classified into Primary Industries and Secondary Industries, based on how far removed the activity is from n…

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Growing Importance of Commerce

As production has grown larger in scale and more geographically dispersed — a factory in one state producing for consumers across the whole country or overseas — the gap between producer and consumer…

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