Q.Draw a labelled diagram of location of Endocrine glands in human body. OR Why Pituitary gland is called as "Master gland"?

The major endocrine glands are distributed from the brain down to the pelvis: hypothalamus, pituitary and pineal in the head; thyroid and parathyroid in the neck; thymus in the chest; adrenals on the kidneys; pancreas in the abdomen; and gonads in the pelvis.

A rendered diagram cannot be produced in this text format, so below is a systematic written description of the location of each major endocrine gland in the human body, in the order they would be labelled on a real anatomical diagram (head to lower body).

• Hypothalamus — located at the base of the forebrain; produces releasing/inhibiting hormones controlling the pituitary.
• Pituitary gland — a small, pea-sized gland situated just below the hypothalamus, connected to it by a stalk; often called the "master gland."
• Pineal gland — located on the dorsal side of the forebrain; secretes melatonin.
• Thyroid gland — a bilobed gland located in the neck, on either side of the trachea (windpipe); secretes thyroxine and calcitonin.
• Parathyroid glands — usually four small glands embedded on the back surface of the thyroid gland; secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH).
• Thymus gland — located in the chest region, behind the sternum, between the lungs; important for the immune system, secretes thymosins.
• Adrenal glands — a pair of glands, each located as a cap on top of one kidney; each has an outer cortex (secreting corticoids) and inner medulla (secreting adrenaline/noradrenaline).
• Pancreas — a composite gland located in the abdomen, below the stomach; its islets of Langerhans secrete insulin and glucagon.
• Gonads — the testes (paired, located in the scrotum, outside the abdominal cavity, in males) and the ovaries (paired, located in the pelvic region, in females); secrete sex hormones (androgens/testosterone in males, estrogens/progesterone in females).

(A real diagram would show these organs superimposed on a human body outline, with a leader line and label pointing to each one.)

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