Q.Use assert statement in Question No. 3 to test the division expression in the program.

This is a plain theory / code task — you are asked to write a Python assert statement that tests a division expression.

The assert statement in Python is a debugging aid that tests a condition. If the condition is True, the program continues; if False, it raises an AssertionError optionally with a message.

For testing a division expression, you typically want to assert that the divisor is not zero before performing the division. The general form is:

assert divisor != 0, "Division by zero is not allowed"
result = dividend / divisor

If the question specifies "Question No. 3" as a particular program, you would insert the assert at the point where division occurs. For example, if the program reads two numbers a and b and computes a / b, the code becomes:

a = int(input("Enter numerator: "))
b = int(input("Enter denominator: "))

assert b != 0, "Denominator cannot be zero"
result = a / b
print("Result:", result)
``` …

Understanding the assert Statement

The assert statement is Python's built-in debugging tool. Its syntax is:

assert condition, "optional error message"

When Python encounters an assert, it evaluates the condition. If the condition is True, execution continues normally. If the condition is False, Python raises an AssertionError with the optional message (if provided).

Why Use assert for Division?

Division has a critical precondition: the divisor must not be zero. If you divide by zero, Python raises a ZeroDivisionError at runtime. Using assert before the division lets you catch this problem before the division happens, making the error location clearer and the code's intent more explicit.

Consider this program without assert:

a = 10
b = 0
result = a / b   # ZeroDivisionError: division by zero

The error occurs, but the traceback points to the division line. With assert, you can check the divisor first:

a = 10
b = 0
assert b != 0, "Divisor cannot be zero!"
result = a / b   # This line never runs if b == 0

Now, if b is zero, you get an AssertionError with your custom message — much clearer debugging.

Complete Solution for Question No. 3

Here's the program that uses assert to test the division expression:

# Program to demonstrate assert with division
def safe_divide(dividend, divisor):
    """
    Divides dividend by divisor, using assert to check divisor is non-zero.
    """
    assert divisor != 0, f"Division by zero is not allowed! Divisor was {divisor}"
    
    result = dividend / divisor
    return result

# Test cases
print("Test 1: 10 / 2 =", safe_divide(10, 2))
print("Test 2: 15 / 3 =", safe_divide(15, 3))
print("Test 3: 8 / 4 =", safe_divide(8, 4))

# This will raise AssertionError
print("Test 4: Attempting 10 / 0...")
try:
    safe_divide(10, 0)
except AssertionError as e:
    print(f"AssertionError caught: {e}")

Expected output:

Test 1: 10 / 2 = 5.0
Test 2: 15 / 3 = 5.0
Test 3: 8 / 4 = 2.0
Test 4: Attempting 10 / 0...
AssertionError caught: Division by zero is not allowed! Divisor was 0

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