Q.“The methods of training must be specific to the motor component being developed.” Discuss this statement with reference to strength, endurance and speed.

Training methods must be specific to the component being developed because each component makes a different physiological demand. Strength is developed by Isometric, Isotonic and Isokinetic exercise, which train the muscle to overcome resistance. Endurance is developed by the Continuous, Interval and Fartlek methods, which train the body to sustain effort and resist fatigue (e.g. the Interval method's incomplete-recovery cycle of working to about 180 bpm and resting only to 120-130 bpm). Speed is developed by Acceleration Runs and Pace Runs, which train the body to reach and hold maximum velocity with full recovery between repetitions. Using an endurance method to build strength, or a strength method to build speed, does not produce th …

The statement is correct: a method that works for one motor component will not, by itself, develop a different one, because each component is trained by a different physiological demand.

Strength

Strength is developed by Isometric, Isotonic and Isokinetic exercise. Isometric exercise holds the muscle length and joint angle fixed with no visible movement (e.g. pushing against a wall) -- it needs almost no equipment and builds strength mainly at the joint angle used. Isotonic exercise, considered the best method for developing strength, keeps the muscle's tone equal while its length visibly changes (e.g. weight training) and trains the muscle through a full range of motion. Isokinetic exercise (introduced by J.J. Perrine in 1968) applies maximal force throughout the ENTIRE range of motion on specially designed machines, unlike isotonic exercise, where force is applied strongly only at one particular angle. None of these three methods asks the body to sustain effort for a long time or to move fast -- they are built purely around overcoming resistance.

Endurance

Endurance is developed by the Continuous, Interval and Fartlek methods. The Continuous method (Slow: heart rate 140-160 bpm for at least 30 minutes; Fast: 160-180 bpm for at least 20 minutes) trains the aerobic system with steady, uninterrupted work. The Interval method deliberately works to a heart rate of about 180 bpm and then rests only until it drops to 120-130 bpm before repeating -- training the body's ability to recover incompletely and keep working, which resistance training never asks of it. The Fartlek method varies pace in an unplanned way over terrain, suited only to already-trained athletes. None of these three methods involves overcoming a heavy resistance in a single effort -- they are built around sustaining effort over time.

Speed …