Q.In haloarenes the carbon atom of the C-X bond is:

In a haloarene the halogen-bearing ring carbon is sp2 hybridised, and sp2 orbitals hold their bonding electrons more tightly (shorter, stronger bonds) than the sp3 orbitals of a haloalkane. On top of that, one of the halogen's lone pairs (sitting in a p-orbital) conjugates directly into the ring's pi system, delocalising across the aromatic ring -- shown by resonance structures that place a positive charge on the halogen and push extra negative charge onto the ring's ortho and para carbons. This partial pi-conjugation gives the C-X bond genuine double-bond character, so it ends up BOTH shorter AND stronger than the corresponding bond in a haloalkane: the C-Cl bond is 1.70 angstrom in chlorobenzene (sp2) versus 1.77 angstrom in chloromethane (sp3). This single structural fact is the root cause of …