Q.Tarini Wadhawa is in India and she is interested in communicating with her uncle in Australia. She wants to show one of her own designed gadgets to him and also wants to demonstrate its working without physically going to Australia. Which protocol out of the following will be ideal for the same?

The key idea is real-time audio-visual communication — Tarini needs to both show the gadget and demonstrate its working live, which requires a protocol that supports interactive video and audio streaming.

• POP3 and SMTP are email protocols — they only handle text and file attachments, not a live demonstration.
• HTTP fetches web pages; it can stream video but is not designed for real-time two-way communication. …

The Concept: Matching Protocol to Purpose

The question tests your understanding of what each protocol is designed to do — not just its name, but its core function. Tarini wants to show a gadget and demonstrate its working in real time, from India to Australia. That means she needs a live, interactive audio-visual connection, not just sending files or messages.

Let’s see why each option fits or fails.

1. POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) — This is for receiving email from a server to a local device. It downloads messages so you can read them offline. It has no capacity for live video or audio. Using POP3 here would be like trying to hammer a nail with a screwdriver — wrong tool entirely.

2. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) — This is for sending email from a client to a server, or between servers. Again, it handles text and attachments, not real-time streaming. Tarini could email a pre-recorded video, but that’s not a live demonstration. The uncle couldn’t ask questions or see the gadget in action as she tweaks it.

3. VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) — This is the only protocol in the list that enables real-time, two-way communication of audio and video over the internet. Services like Skype, Zoom, WhatsApp calls, and Google Meet all use VoIP. It can transmit voice and video simultaneously, allowing Tarini to show her gadget on camera and talk her uncle through its working. This is exactly what she needs. …