Q.Mention the diseases caused by fungi in plants.

Step 1. Recall the chapter's table of fungal plant diseases. Table 1.11 lists several fungal diseases of plants together with their causal fungi: Blast of Paddy (Magnaporthe grisea), Red rot of sugarcane (Colletotrichum falcatum), Anthracnose of Beans (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum), White rust of crucifers (Albugo candida), Peach leaf curl (Taphrina deformans), and Rust of wheat (Puccinia graminis tritici).

Step 2. Recall the additional disease mentioned in the harmful-activities discussion. Separately, the chapter also names Late blight of potato, caused by Phytophthora infestans, noting its historical significance - it caused about a million deaths and drove mass emigration from Ireland during 1843-1845 (the Irish Potato Famine).

Step 3. Note the general spoilage-causing fungi too. The chapter also names Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Mucor and Penicillium as fungi that spoil stored food materials, with Aspergillus flavus specifically producing the carcinogenic toxin aflatoxin in dried foods - a related but distinct kind of 'harm' from a named crop disease. …

List each disease from Table 1.11 together with its causal fungus, then add the separa …

• Listing only the diseases in Table 1.11 and forgetting late blight of potato, which is mentioned separately in the harmful-activities text. …