Biological Importance of Magnesium and Calcium

Magnesium and calcium also play a vital role in biological functions. A typical adult human body contains about 25 g of magnesium and 1200 g of calcium.

Magnesium plays an important part in many enzyme-catalysed biochemical reactions -- it is the cofactor for every enzyme that uses ATP in phosphate transfer and energy release. It is also essential for DNA synthesis, and is responsible for the stability and proper functioning of DNA. Magnesium is additionally used in balancing electrolytes in the body; its deficiency results in convulsions and neuromuscular irritation. Magnesium is also the metal at the centre of chlorophyll, the main pigment responsible for photosynthesis, where it plays a crucial role. …