Commerce · Class 12 Commerce
Ch 16Consumerism — Class 12 Commerce, concept-first.
A consumer is any individual who buys goods or avails services for personal use, in exchange for a price. In a market economy, the consumer occupies a central position — production, pricing, and distribution decisions are all ultimately meant to serve consumer needs.
Key concepts
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Consumerism
Consumerism is the organised social movement of consumers, consumer associations, and the state, working together to protect the rights and interests of buyers against unfair, deceptive, or exploitative trade practices i…
Most relevant Q&A
Chapter contents
The NCERT structure, section by section. Open a section to see its questions, then read the concept-first solution.
Meaning and Concept of Consumerism
A consumer is any individual who buys goods or avails services for personal use, in exchange for a price.
Need and Importance of Consumer Protection
Consumer protection is needed because, left entirely to market forces, the relationship between a seller and a buyer is rarely one of equals.
Forms of Consumer Exploitation and Unfair Trade Practices
Consumer exploitation refers to any practice by which a seller, manufacturer, or service provider takes unfair advantage of a consumer's lack of information, lack of organisation, or weak bargaining p…
Causes of Consumer Exploitation
Consumer exploitation persists in the marketplace for several interconnected reasons, most of which stem from a genuine imbalance of power and information between the individual buyer and organised bu…
Evolution of the Consumer Movement and Objectives of Consumerism
The consumer movement in India, like in many other countries, evolved gradually — from informal, voluntary efforts to a structured, statutory system of legal protection.
Sample & Board Papers
Sample papers and previous-year board questions for this subject.
+−Show 13 questionsHide questions13 questions
- Q1What is meant by artificial scarcity?Preview
- Q2The term 'Consumerism' came into existence in the year ______. (a) 1954 (b) 1960 (c) 1958 (d) 1957Preview
- Q3Give four examples of adulteration.Preview
- Q4(a) Explain any five roles of business in consumer protection. OR (b) Enumerate any five different kinds of Financial Market.Preview
- Q5Who is the Father of Consumer Movement? (a) Ralph Nader (b) Mahatma Gandhi (c) Jawaharlal Nehru (d) John F. KennedyPreview
- Q6The International Organisation of Consumer Union (IOCU) was first established in the year : (a) 1967 (b) 1960 (c) 1987 (d) 1965Preview
- Q7Who is a Consumer ?Preview
- Q8What is meant by artificial scarcity ?Preview
- Q9Who is the Father of Consumer Movement ? (a) Ralph Nader (b) Mahatma Gandhi (c) Jawaharlal Nehru (d) Mr. John F. KennedyPreview
- Q10Write short notes on 'adulteration'.Preview
- Q11The term Consumerism came into existence in the year ________. (a) 1954 (b) 1960 (c) 1958 (d) 1957Preview
- Q12Assertion : Consumer Protection Act was passed in the year 1986. Reason : This Act protects consumers against marketing of goods which are h…Preview
- Q13What are the important legislations related to Consumerism in India? (any three)Preview
More questions
12 Q+−Show 7 questionsHide questions7 questions
- Q1What do you mean by the term 'consumerism'?Free
- Q2Who is a consumer?Free
- Q3State any two reasons why consumer protection is necessary.Free
- Q4What is meant by adulteration as a form of consumer exploitation?Preview
- Q5Distinguish between black-marketing and hoarding.Preview
- Q6Give any two causes of consumer exploitation.Preview
- Q7What is a voluntary consumer organisation?Preview
+−Show 5 questionsHide questions5 questions
- Q8Explain the meaning of consumerism and discuss its main objectives.Free
- Q9Discuss the need and importance of consumer protection in a market economy.Free
- Q10Explain the various forms of consumer exploitation prevalent in the market.Preview
- Q11What are the causes of consumer exploitation? Explain.Preview
- Q12Trace the evolution of the consumer movement in India.Preview