Q.List the causative agent, mode of transmission and symptoms for Diphtheria and Typhoid.

Although bacterial species are extremely numerous, only a small number are pathogenic to humans; these pathogenic bacteria commonly act by releasing toxins that damage host tissue. Bacterial diseases spread through air, contaminated water, inhaled droplets/aerosols, or shared utensils/clothing with an infected person.

Eight common bacterial diseases are catalogued with their causative agent, site of infection, transmission route and symptoms: shigellosis/bacillary dysentery (Shigella sp., intestine, faecal-oral, bloody mucus-laden stools), bubonic plague (Yersinia pestis, lymph nodes, rat-flea vector), diphtheria (Corynebacterium diphtheriae, larynx/skin/nasal passage, droplet), cholera (Vibrio cholerae, intestine, contaminated food/water), tetanus (Clostridium tetani, muscle spasm, wound infection), typhoid (Salmonella typhi, intestine, contaminated food/water — confirmed via the Widal test), pneumonia (Streptococcus pneumoniae, lungs, droplet), and tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, lungs, droplet). …