Q.State any two causes of fatigue that may create hindrance in the employee's performance.
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Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →Fatigue is a state of physical or mental exhaustion that reduces an employee's capacity to work efficiently. Two of its causes, as given in the textbook, are long working hours and bad working conditions.
Fatigue is not merely tiredness — it is a cumulative drain on an employee's energy and focus that directly hinders performance by slowing work, increasing errors, and lowering morale. In this NCERT chapter, fatigue is dealt with through Fatigue Study, one of F.W. Taylor's Techniques of Scientific Management (not a Fayol principle). Fatigue study seeks to determine the amount and frequency of rest intervals needed to complete a task, because rest lets a worker regain stamina and work again with the same capacity.
The textbook lists four causes of fatigue that can hinder performance:
1. Long working hours. Working for extended stretches without adequate rest intervals strains the body and mind. Muscles tire, concentration wanes and reaction time slows, so output and quality drop. This is why rest pauses have to be given — frequently, if the work involves heavy manual labour — so the worker can recharge.
2. Bad working conditions. Poor conditions — such as inadequate lighting or ventilation, or an otherwise uncomfortable physical environment — accelerate the onset of fatigue and reduce a worker's ability to sustain effort. …
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