Q.If you plan to use a short text from an article on the web, what steps must you take in order to credit the sources used?

Source Citation Ethics

Think about the last time you repeated a piece of news to a friend. If you heard it from someone reliable, you probably said, "My friend told me that…" or "I read somewhere that…" You were, in a small way, citing your source. Now imagine writing a project on India's trade policy and copying paragraphs from a website without mentioning where you got them. That feels different, doesn't it? That's the gap this concept fills.

What It Means

Source citation ethics is the practice of honestly and clearly acknowledging every external source you use in your work — whether it's a book, a journal article, a government report, a newspaper, a website, or even a lecture. It is not a mechanical rule but a moral commitment: you are saying, "This idea did not originate with me; I am standing on someone else's work."

The core principle is simple: if you did not create it, you credit it. This applies to direct quotations, paraphrased ideas, statistics, arguments, frameworks, and even specific turns of phrase. The ethical obligation exists regardless of whether the source is famous or obscure, whether the material is copyrighted or freely available, and whether your teacher will check or not.

Why It Matters

First, citation ethics protects intellectual honesty. When you present someone else's work as your own, you are not just breaking a rule — you are misrepresenting your own learning. The purpose of academic work is to develop your own understanding and argument. A citation shows where your thinking began and where your original contribution starts.

Second, it respects the labour of others. Every textbook, research paper, or news article represents hours of thought, analysis, and writing. Using that work without acknowledgment is a form of taking without giving. In professional and academic life, this is treated as seriously as taking physical property.

Third, citations allow your reader to verify your claims and explore further. A well-cited paper is a transparent paper. If you assert that "India's GDP growth slowed in 2020 due to pandemic-related disruptions," your reader should be able to trace that claim back to its source and judge its reliability for themselves.

Common Forms of Unethical Citation

• Plagiarism: Presenting someone else's words or ideas as your own, whether by copying verbatim or by close paraphrasing without credit.
• Fabrication: Inventing a source that does not exist, or attributing a claim to a source that never made it.
• Selective citation: Citing only sources that support your argument while ignoring those that contradict it, without acknowledging the opposing view.
• Over-reliance on a single source: Building an entire argument on one source without indicating that fact, which misleads the reader about the breadth of your research. …