Q.Phylogenetic classification is the most favoured classification because it reflects
Step 1. Recall the three broad types of classification. Artificial (based on one or two convenient characters, e.g. Linnaeus's stamen-number system), Natural (based on overall morphological similarity, e.g. Bentham and Hooker), and Phylogenetic (based on evolutionary descent and ancestry, e.g. Engler and Prantl, Cronquist, and APG).
Step 2. Unpack what 'phylogenetic' means. The word 'phylogenetic' comes from 'phylogeny' - the evolutionary history of a group of organisms. A phylogenetic system arranges taxa to mirror how closely they are related through common ancestry, which is exactly what makes it the most scientifically favoured of the three approaches: it captures real evolutionary lineage rather than an arbitrary or purely morphological grouping.
Step 3. Eliminate the distractors. Comparative anatomy (a) and comparative cytology (c) are only two of the many kinds of EVIDENCE (along with embryology, palynology, molecular data, etc.) used to reconstruct phylogeny - they are inputs, not the thing being reflected. 'Number of flowers produced' (b) has no taxonomic significance at all.
Phylogenetic classification is favoured because it reflects the evolutionary relationships (common ancestry and descent) among organisms (d), not merely their anatomy, cytology, or any single superficial trait.
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