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Physics · Ch 4 — Work, Energy and Power

Unit of power

4.3.2

Unit of power

Since P=W/tP=W/t, power is a scalar quantity, with dimensional formula [ML2T−3][ML^2T^{-3}] (energy's [ML2T−2][ML^2T^{-2}] divided by time's [T][T]). Its SI unit is the watt (W), named for James Watt, the inventor of the practical steam engine: one watt is the power when one joule of work is done in one second, 1 W=1 J s−11\text{ W} = 1\text{ J s}^{-1}.

Larger multiples are used for bigger machines and power plants: 1 kW=103 W1\text{ kW}=10^3\text{ W}, 1 MW=106 W1\text{ MW}=10^6\text{ W}, 1 GW=109 W1\text{ GW}=10^9\text{ W}. Motors, engines and automobiles still commonly quote an older, non-SI unit, the horsepower (hp), with the conversion 1 hp=746 W1\text{ hp} = 746\text{ W}. …