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Chemistry · Ch 11 — Hydroxy Compounds and Ethers

IUPAC Nomenclature of Ethers

11.20

IUPAC Nomenclature of Ethers

An ether is IUPAC-named by treating the smaller alkyl/aryl group (with its oxygen) as an ALKOXY or ARYLOXY substituent prefix on the parent chain formed by the larger group. Worked examples: dimethyl ether, CH3-O-CH3, becomes methoxymethane; isopropyl methyl ether, CH3-O-CH(CH3)-CH3, becomes 2-methoxypropane; tert-butyl methyl ether, CH3-O-C(CH3)3, becomes 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane; methylphenyl ether (anisole), C6H5-O-CH3, becomes methoxybenzene; ethylphenyl ether (phenetole), C6H5-O-CH2CH3, becomes ethoxybenzene; diphenyl ether, C6H5-O-C6H5, becomes phenoxybenzene; n-heptylphenyl ether becomes 1-phenoxyheptane; isopentylphenyl ether becomes 3-methyl-1-butoxybenzene; and …

Table 11.4IUPAC nomenclature of common ethers
Common nameStructural formulaIUPAC name
Dimethyl etherCH3-O-CH3Methoxymethane
Isopropyl methyl etherCH3-O-CH(CH3)-CH32-Methoxypropane
t-Butyl methyl etherCH3-O-C(CH3)32-Methoxy-2-methylpropane
Methylphenyl ether (Anisole)C6H5-O-CH3Methoxybenzene
Ethylphenyl ether (Phenetole)C6H5-O-CH2CH3Ethoxybenzene
Diphenyl etherC6H5-O-C6H5Phenoxybenzene
n-Heptylphenyl etherC6H5-O-(CH2)6CH31-Phenoxyheptane