Chemistry · Ch 11 — Hydroxy Compounds and Ethers
IUPAC Nomenclature of Ethers
11.20
IUPAC Nomenclature of Ethers
An ether is IUPAC-named by treating the smaller alkyl/aryl group (with its oxygen) as an ALKOXY or ARYLOXY substituent prefix on the parent chain formed by the larger group. Worked examples: dimethyl ether, CH3-O-CH3, becomes methoxymethane; isopropyl methyl ether, CH3-O-CH(CH3)-CH3, becomes 2-methoxypropane; tert-butyl methyl ether, CH3-O-C(CH3)3, becomes 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane; methylphenyl ether (anisole), C6H5-O-CH3, becomes methoxybenzene; ethylphenyl ether (phenetole), C6H5-O-CH2CH3, becomes ethoxybenzene; diphenyl ether, C6H5-O-C6H5, becomes phenoxybenzene; n-heptylphenyl ether becomes 1-phenoxyheptane; isopentylphenyl ether becomes 3-methyl-1-butoxybenzene; and …
Table 11.4IUPAC nomenclature of common ethers
| Common name | Structural formula | IUPAC name |
|---|---|---|
| Dimethyl ether | CH3-O-CH3 | Methoxymethane |
| Isopropyl methyl ether | CH3-O-CH(CH3)-CH3 | 2-Methoxypropane |
| t-Butyl methyl ether | CH3-O-C(CH3)3 | 2-Methoxy-2-methylpropane |
| Methylphenyl ether (Anisole) | C6H5-O-CH3 | Methoxybenzene |
| Ethylphenyl ether (Phenetole) | C6H5-O-CH2CH3 | Ethoxybenzene |
| Diphenyl ether | C6H5-O-C6H5 | Phenoxybenzene |
| n-Heptylphenyl ether | C6H5-O-(CH2)6CH3 | 1-Phenoxyheptane |