Chemistry · Ch 13 — Organic Nitrogen Compounds
Amines -- Classification
Amines -- Classification
Amines are the organic derivatives of ammonia, formed by replacing one, two or three hydrogens with alkyl or aryl groups. They split first into aliphatic amines and aromatic amines, and within each, by how many hydrogens of NH3 have been replaced: primary amines (one H replaced, e.g. ethanamine CH3CH2-NH2, or aromatically benzenamine/aniline C6H5-NH2), secondary amines (two H replaced, further split into 'simple' where both substituents are identical, e.g. N-methylmethanamine, CH3-NH-CH3, or N-phenylbenzenamine, C6H5-NH-C6H5, and 'mixed' where they differ, e.g. N-methylethanamine, CH3-NH-CH2CH3, or N-phenylmethanamine, C6H5-NH-CH3), and tertiary amines (all three H replaced, again simple, e.g. N,N-dimethylmethanamine, (CH3)3N, o …
What this figure shows. A branching chart headed 'Amines', splitting into Aliphatic amines and Aromatic amines, each further split into Primary, Secondary and Tertiary, with Secondary and Tertiary further split into 'simple' (identical substituents) and 'mixed' (different substituents). Worked structural examples are drawn under each leaf: ethanamine (1 degree aliphatic), benzenamine/aniline (1 degree aromatic), N-methylmethanamine and N-phenylbenzenamine (2 degree simple), N-methylethanamine and N-phenylmethanamine (2 degree mixed), N,N-dimethylmethanamine and N,N-diphenylbenzenamine (3 degree simple), and N-ethyl-N-methylethanamine / N-methyl-N-phenylethanamine (3 degree mixed), alongside …