Q.Write the applications of capacitors.

Capacitors are used to store energy, filter/smooth power supplies, tune resonant circuits, couple AC while blocking DC, set timing intervals, and correct power factor.

Applications of capacitors

1. Energy storage -- capacitors store electrical energy and release it rapidly when needed (e.g. camera flash units, defibrillators, backup power for brief outages).

2. Filtering/smoothing -- in DC power supplies, capacitors smooth the pulsating output of a rectifier into steadier DC by charging/discharging to fill in the ripples.

3. Tuning circuits -- a variable capacitor in an LC (tank) circuit selects a particular resonant frequency, as in radio tuners.

4. AC coupling / DC blocking -- capacitors pass AC signals between amplifier stages while blocking the DC bias level from affecting the next stage.

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