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Exercises · Q11

Q.List the three different ways in which oligopoly firms may behave.

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(1) Collude as a cartel (monopoly outcome); (2) compete by undercutting price towards marginal cost (competitive outcome); (3) settle at an intermediate outcome between the two.

In an oligopoly there are only a few, large firms, so each firm's decisions affect the others and their behaviour is mutually interdependent. They may behave in three broad ways:

  1. Collusion (forming a cartel). At one extreme, the firms agree to cooperate and act together to maximise their collective profit. The cartel then behaves exactly like a single monopoly — the total quantity supplied and the price charged are the same as a monopolist would choose. …

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