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Economics · Class 12 Commerce

Ch 5Planning and NITI Aayog — Class 12 Economics, concept-first.

Economic planning is a conscious and deliberate effort by the government to direct, coordinate and control economic activity according to a pre-determined plan, with clearly stated goals, priorities and a fixed time period, so that a country's resources are put to their fullest and most efficient use.

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Economic Planning

Economic planning is the deliberate, government-directed effort to mobilise and allocate a country's resources -- capital, labour, land and technology -- toward specific economic and social goals within a defined time pe…

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Chapter contents

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1

Meaning and Need for Economic Planning

Economic planning is a conscious and deliberate effort by the government to direct, coordinate and control economic activity according to a pre-determined plan, with clearly stated goals, priorities a…

2

Features and Objectives of Planning in India

Every Five Year Plan that India framed, from the First Plan in 1951 up to the Twelfth Plan ending in 2017, was built around a common set of objectives, even though the relative emphasis on each shifte…

3

Types of Planning

Economic planning can be classified in several ways depending on the time horizon, the degree of compulsion involved, and the level at which planning decisions are taken.

4

The Planning Commission and the Five Year Plans

The Planning Commission of India was set up in March 1950 by a resolution of the Union Cabinet -- it was not a constitutional body created by the Constitution, nor a statutory body created by an Act o…

5

NITI Aayog: Formation and Composition

NITI Aayog -- the National Institution for Transforming India -- was established on 1 January 2015 by a resolution of the Union Cabinet, replacing the Planning Commission as the Government of India's…

6

NITI Aayog: Objectives and Functions

NITI Aayog was conceived as a think tank and policy advisory body rather than as a plan-allocating authority -- unlike the Planning Commission, it has no power to allocate plan funds to ministries and…

7

Planning Commission and NITI Aayog Compared

Although NITI Aayog replaced the Planning Commission in the same broad space of national development policy, the two institutions differ sharply in their approach, powers and structure, as the followi…

8

Achievements and Limitations of Indian Planning

Over nearly seven decades of planned development, Indian planning -- first under the Planning Commission and now guided by NITI Aayog -- has left a mixed but broadly positive legacy that a Telangana I…

Exercises

Sample & Board Papers

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