Economics · Class 12 Commerce
Ch 5Planning and NITI Aayog — Class 12 Economics, concept-first.
Economic planning is a conscious and deliberate effort by the government to direct, coordinate and control economic activity according to a pre-determined plan, with clearly stated goals, priorities and a fixed time period, so that a country's resources are put to their fullest and most efficient use.
Key concepts
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Economic Planning
Economic planning is the deliberate, government-directed effort to mobilise and allocate a country's resources -- capital, labour, land and technology -- toward specific economic and social goals within a defined time pe…
Most relevant Q&A
- What is economic planning? Explain the need for economic planning in India.Free
- Explain the main objectives of economic planning in India.Free
- Distinguish between perspective planning and annual planning.Free
- Distinguish between indicative planning and imperative planning.Preview
- Distinguish between centralised planning and decentralised planning.Preview
Chapter contents
The NCERT structure, section by section. Open a section to see its questions, then read the concept-first solution.
Meaning and Need for Economic Planning
Economic planning is a conscious and deliberate effort by the government to direct, coordinate and control economic activity according to a pre-determined plan, with clearly stated goals, priorities a…
Features and Objectives of Planning in India
Every Five Year Plan that India framed, from the First Plan in 1951 up to the Twelfth Plan ending in 2017, was built around a common set of objectives, even though the relative emphasis on each shifte…
Types of Planning
Economic planning can be classified in several ways depending on the time horizon, the degree of compulsion involved, and the level at which planning decisions are taken.
The Planning Commission and the Five Year Plans
The Planning Commission of India was set up in March 1950 by a resolution of the Union Cabinet -- it was not a constitutional body created by the Constitution, nor a statutory body created by an Act o…
NITI Aayog: Formation and Composition
NITI Aayog -- the National Institution for Transforming India -- was established on 1 January 2015 by a resolution of the Union Cabinet, replacing the Planning Commission as the Government of India's…
NITI Aayog: Objectives and Functions
NITI Aayog was conceived as a think tank and policy advisory body rather than as a plan-allocating authority -- unlike the Planning Commission, it has no power to allocate plan funds to ministries and…
Planning Commission and NITI Aayog Compared
Although NITI Aayog replaced the Planning Commission in the same broad space of national development policy, the two institutions differ sharply in their approach, powers and structure, as the followi…
Achievements and Limitations of Indian Planning
Over nearly seven decades of planned development, Indian planning -- first under the Planning Commission and now guided by NITI Aayog -- has left a mixed but broadly positive legacy that a Telangana I…
Exercises
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- Q1What is economic planning? Explain the need for economic planning in India.Free
- Q2Explain the main objectives of economic planning in India.Free
- Q3Distinguish between perspective planning and annual planning.Free
- Q4Distinguish between indicative planning and imperative planning.Preview
- Q5Distinguish between centralised planning and decentralised planning.Preview
- Q6When was the Planning Commission established? Explain its composition and functions.Preview
- Q7Give a brief account of the Five Year Plans implemented in India.Preview
- Q8Explain the significance of the Mahalanobis strategy adopted in the Second Five Year Plan.Preview
- Q9Why were the Five Year Plans discontinued after the Twelfth Plan?Preview
- Q10When and why was NITI Aayog established?Preview
- Q11Explain the composition of NITI Aayog.Preview
- Q12Explain the objectives and functions of NITI Aayog.Preview
- Q13Distinguish between the Planning Commission and NITI Aayog.Preview
- Q14What are the achievements and limitations of economic planning in India?Preview
Sample & Board Papers
Sample papers and previous-year board questions for this subject.
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- Q1Analyze critically the characteristics of developing economies with special reference to India.Preview
- Q2Write a note on NITI Aayog.Preview
- Q3Write a short note on: Economic growthPreview
- Q4Analyze critically the characteristics of developing economies with special reference to India.Preview
- Q5Write a note on NITI Aayog.Preview
- Q6Write a short note on: Inclusive growthPreview
- Q7Perspective planning and Annual PlanningPreview
- Q8Write a short note on: Economic growthPreview