Disorders of Respiratory System

The respiratory system, like any other, can be affected by disorders that reduce its ability to move air and exchange gases. Three are highlighted here.

Asthma

Asthma is a difficulty in breathing that causes a whistling sound known as wheezing. It results from inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles — the air passages that carry air deeper into the lungs.

Emphysema

Emphysema is a chronic disorder in which the walls of the alveoli are damaged. Because the alveolar walls form the surface where gases are exchanged, this damage decreases the respiratory surface available for exchange. A major cause of emphysema is cigarette smoking.

Occupational respiratory disorders …