Ch 4Physical Education and Sports for CWSN (Children With Special Needs – Divyang) — Class 12 Physical Education, concept-first.

Every classroom and every playground holds children who learn, move and respond in different ways. A child with special needs (CWSN) is one whose physical, intellectual, sensory or emotional condition…

Disability refers to limitations in an individual's functioning. It covers physical impairment, intellectual impairment, cognitive impairment, sensory impairment, mental illness and various kinds of c…

The Paralympics is a mega sports event for athletes with a wide range of disabilities, organised by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC).

Special Olympics is the world's largest sports organisation for children and adults with intellectual and physical disabilities, providing year-round training and competition to about 5 million athlet…

Sport for people with hearing impairment began very early. The first games, known as the International Silent Games, were held in 1924 in Paris with 148 athletes from nine European nations — the first…

The logo of the Deaflympics, designed in 2003, is a positive and powerful symbol of the international deaf-sports community.

Classification and divisioning are the two processes used in disability sport to make competition even and fair by grouping athletes together — much as mainstream sport groups competitors by age, gend…

Through the International Paralympic Committee (IPC), Paralympic sport has developed a classification process whose purpose is to support sporting excellence while providing equitable competition.

The IPC recognises ten eligible impairment types in total. The first group — physical impairment — contains eight of them, listed again here for ready reference:

Special Olympics uses a competitive-level matching system called divisioning, which is one of its fundamental rules.

In Special Olympics competitions an athlete's ability is the primary factor in divisioning. That ability is judged from an entry score from a previous competition, or from the result of a seeding roun…

Divisioning is carried out in three ordered steps — age, then gender, then ability.

The Right to Education makes education a fundamental right of every child between the ages of 6 and 14.

Inclusion through physical education and sport depends on three groups working together — the family, the school and specialist organisations.

Every individual differs in physical, social, emotional and cognitive make-up, and this diversity is a reality that everyone should respect.

Physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle and brings real benefits to children at every stage of development.

Taking part in physical activity benefits all children, including those with disabilities: it promotes inclusion, minimises deconditioning, optimises physical functioning and improves overall wellbein…

- A child with special needs (CWSN) faces not only an impairment but also attitudinal and environmental barriers; the 2002 Manchester Commonwealth Games marked a turning point in treating disabled ath…