Macro and Micro Nutrients: Food Sources and Functions

5.2 Macro and Micro Nutrients: Food Sources and Functions

Nutrients can be broadly classified as macronutrients and micronutrients, depending on the amounts the body needs each day. Some nutrients are needed in larger amounts — these are the macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins and fats, along with water. Others, such as vitamins and minerals, are required in only small amounts and are called micronutrients. Although micronutrients are needed in smaller quantities, they are every bit as essential to health, and each nutrient plays a significant role in the body.

Macronutrients are required in relatively large amounts. Carbohydrates, proteins and fats are also called 'proximate principles' because they form the main bulk of the diet. In Indian meals they contribute to the total energy intake in roughly the following proportion: