Q.Health Programmes in India.

India runs a range of health programmes — the National Health Mission, Ayushman Bharat (PM-JAY insurance), the Universal Immunisation Programme, the National AIDS Control Programme, maternal and child health schemes and major disease-control programmes — to improve public health, which is a key part of human-capital formation.

This 5-mark question from the AP Intermediate 2nd-year Economics human-resources unit treats health as investment in human capital.

Important health programmes in India

1. National Health Mission (NHM) — covers the National Rural Health Mission and the National Urban Health Mission to strengthen primary health care, hospitals and health workers.

2. Ayushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) — a large health-insurance scheme giving poor families free hospital treatment up to a fixed amount, along with Health and Wellness Centres.

3. Universal Immunisation Programme (and Mission Indradhanush) — free vaccination of children and pregnant women against major preventable diseases.

4. Janani Suraksha Yojana and maternal-child health schemes — promote safe institutional delivery and reduce maternal and infant mortality.

5. National AIDS Control Programme and disease-control programmes — for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (Revised National TB Control Programme), malaria and other communicable diseases.

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