Informatics Practices · Ch 5 — Internet and Web
Summary
Summary
- A group of two or more similar things or people interconnected with each other is called a network.
- A computer network is an interconnection among two or more computers to share data and resources.
- Based on the geographical area covered and data transfer rate, computer networks are broadly categorised as LAN, MAN and WAN.
- The protocol, or set of rules, that decides the functioning of a LAN is called Ethernet.
- A Local Area Network (LAN) connects digital devices placed at a limited distance of up to 1 km.
- A repeater is an electronic device that receives a weak signal and regenerates it.
- A modem (MOdulator DEModulator) is used for conversion between analog signals and digital bits.
- A hub is a network device used to connect multiple devices to form a network, or to connect segment(s) of a LAN.
- A switch is a networking device that filters network traffic while connecting multiple computers or communicating devices.
- A router is a network device that can receive data, analyse it, and transmit it to other networks. A router connects a local area network to the internet.
- A gateway is a device that connects an organisation's network with the outside world of the Internet.
- The physical organisation of computers, cables, and other peripherals in a network is called its topology. Common network topologies are Bus, Star, Tree, and Mesh.
- The Internet is the largest WAN, connecting millions of computers across the globe.
- A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a standard naming convention used for accessing resources over the Internet.
- A website is a collection of related web pages; a web page can be static or dynamic.
- A web server is a program or computer that provides services to other programs or computers, called clients. …