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Zoology · Class 12 Science

Ch 13Applied Biology — Class 12 Zoology, concept-first.

Applied biology looks at how the principles of biology are put to practical use in everyday economic and medical life. This unit covers two broad areas. The first is the improvement of domesticated animals for human benefit — dairy cattle, poultry, honey bees and fish — through selective breeding, controlled breeding t…

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Key concepts

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Dairying and Animal Breeding — Methods and Objectives

Dairying — running a dairy farm to produce milk profitably — depends on four broad factors working together: breeding, selecting and breeding cows/buffaloes with a high genetic potential for milk yield; feeding, providin…

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Chapter contents

The NCERT structure, section by section. Open a section to see its questions, then read the concept-first solution.

Introduction to Applied Biology

Applied biology looks at how the principles of biology are put to practical use in everyday economic and medical life. This unit covers two broad areas.

2

Dairying and Animal Breeding — Methods and Objectives

Dairying — running a dairy farm to produce milk profitably — depends on four broad factors working together: breeding, selecting and breeding cows/buffaloes with a high genetic potential for milk yiel…

3

Controlled Breeding — Artificial Insemination and MOET

Rather than leaving reproduction to chance natural mating, livestock improvement programmes increasingly rely on controlled breeding techniques, of which the two most important are artificial insemina…

4

Poultry Farming and Avian Flu

Poultry farming is organised around two distinct purposes, each with its own management focus. Layers are hens bred and managed specifically for sustained egg production over a long laying life, so th…

5

Apiculture — Bee-Keeping and the Honey Bee Colony

Apiculture is the practice of rearing honey bees, usually in man-made hives, for the commercial production of honey and other bee products.

6

Fishery and Pisciculture

Fishery is the industry and activity concerned with catching, processing and marketing fish and other aquatic organisms.

7

Biomedical Technology — Insulin, Vaccines and Gene Therapy

Human insulin, the hormone that regulates blood glucose, is a small protein made of 51 amino acids arranged in two polypeptide chains: chain A, of 21 amino acids, and chain B, of 30 amino acids, held…

8

Cancer — Types, Features and the p53 Guardian

Cancer is a disease of uncontrolled cell division, and cancers are classified by the type of tissue they arise from.

9

Diagnostic Imaging and Monitoring

41 Q

Several imaging and monitoring techniques let clinicians look inside the body or track an organ's activity without surgery.

+Very Short Answer Questions22 questions
  1. Q1Mention any four factors to be considered in dairying (dairy-farm management).Free
  2. Q2Write two advantages of inbreeding in animal breeding.Free
  3. Q3Distinguish between out-crossing and cross-breeding.Free
  4. Q4Distinguish between a layer and a broiler.Preview
  5. Q5Define apiculture.Preview
  6. Q6Distinguish between a drone and a worker bee.Preview
  7. Q7Define fishery.Preview
  8. Q8Distinguish between aquaculture and pisciculture.Preview
  9. Q9What is hypophysation?Preview
  10. Q10Name two Indian carps and two exotic carps.Preview
  11. Q11Name any four by-products obtained from fish.Preview
  12. Q12How many amino acids and polypeptide chains make up human insulin?Preview
  13. Q13Define a vaccine.Preview
  14. Q14Write any two features of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction).Preview
  15. Q15Name the disease caused by ADA (adenosine deaminase) deficiency.Preview
  16. Q16Define a transgenic animal.Preview
  17. Q17Which protein is called the “Guardian Angel of the Cell Genome”?Preview
  18. Q18Write any four features of cancer cells.Preview
  19. Q19How are radiographs (X-rays) obtained?Preview
  20. Q20What is a tomogram?Preview
  21. Q21Why is MRI considered a harmless diagnostic technique?Preview
  22. Q22What does a prolonged P-R interval in an ECG indicate?Preview
+Short Answer Questions17 questions
  1. Q1Describe the methods of animal breeding.Free
  2. Q2Define a breed. What are the objectives of animal breeding?Free
  3. Q3Describe the steps involved in MOET (Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer).Free
  4. Q4Write notes on controlled breeding.Preview
  5. Q5Describe the components of poultry management.Preview
  6. Q6Write notes on Avian Flu.Preview
  7. Q7Write notes on the queen bee.Preview
  8. Q8Explain the economic importance of honey bees.Preview
  9. Q9What factors are necessary for successful bee-keeping?Preview
  10. Q10Describe the structure of insulin.Preview
  11. Q11Explain the different types of vaccines.Preview
  12. Q12Explain the types of gene therapy.Preview
  13. Q13Explain the different types of cancer.Preview
  14. Q14Describe the waves and intervals recorded in an ECG.Preview
  15. Q15Describe the procedure of MRI.Preview
  16. Q16Explain the procedure of indirect ELISA.Preview
  17. Q17Write notes on EEG.Preview
+Long Answer Questions2 questions
  1. Q1Write in detail about out-breeding.Free
  2. Q2Explain in detail the clinical inferences drawn from an ECG.Preview

Sample & Board Papers

Sample papers and previous-year board questions for this subject.