Q.What are coordinative abilities, and explain different types of coordinative ability?

Coordinative abilities are a separate category of motor ability from the conditional abilities (strength, endurance, speed) and from flexibility — they depend primarily on how well the central nervous system controls and regulates movement, not on muscular force or energy supply. As Zimmermann and colleagues describe them, coordinative abilities are "relatively stabilized and generalized patterns of motor control and regulation processes" that let a sportsperson carry out a group of movements with better quality and effect. A player with excellent strength and speed can still perform poorly in a sport if their coordinative abilities are weak, because coordination is what lets raw physical capacity translate into correct, efficient, game-usable movement.

Seven coordinative abilities are recognised. Orientation Ability is determining and changing the body's position and movement in the available time and space of a playing field relative to a moving object (a ball, an opponent) — vital in gymnastics and in team games where peripheral vision matters. Differentiation Ability is the fine-tuning and accuracy of different phases of a movement, built through experience and mastery of motor action. Coupling Ability is coordinating several body-part movements toward one goal-directed action — a footballer's leg movements for dribbling coupled with the whole-body action of running is a coupling-ability task. …